英語高頻考點:in case 詳解
2019-05-22 19:07:49網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源
一、考點說明
高考對in case的考查,通常會將其與其他用法相似的結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)合在一起綜合考查。同學(xué)們在做這類題時,關(guān)鍵的是要能正確理解各個選項的意思,然后結(jié)合題干所給定的上下文語境進行綜合理解,最后選出一個意思最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項。如:
1. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s _________I have to wait. (全國卷)
A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if
【解的】答案選A。比較四個選項:in case 意為“以防”,so that 意為“以便”,in order 意為“目的是為了”,as if 意為“好像”。根據(jù)語境,只有填空in case句子意思才通順。in case 在此題中用作連用,用以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。
2. —It’s cloudy outside. Please take an umbrella.
—_________. (湖南卷)
A. Yes, take it easy B. Well, it just depends
C. OK, just in case D. All right, you’re welcome
【解析】答案選C。take it easy的意思是“不要急”“慢慢來”,it just depends的意思是“那要看情況”,just in case的意思是“以防萬一”,you’re welcome的意思是“不用客氣”。根據(jù)對話情景,顯然只有選C才符合上下文語境。in case 在此起副詞作用,用作狀語。
有時顯然不是直接考查in case的用法,但可能用它來進行干擾。如:
3. How can you expect to learn anything _________ you never listen? (山東卷)
A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when
【解析】根據(jù)句意,答案選D。when在此表示“既然”。
4. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _________I can have time for a cup of tea. (北京卷)
A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that
【解析】根據(jù)句意,答案選D。so that 在此意為“以便”“為了”。
二、復(fù)習(xí)要點
1. 掌握三種用法
in case的用法,歸納起來,主要有以下三種:
(1) 用作連詞,表示條件,其意為“如果”“萬一”。如:
In case you see him, ask him about it. 如果你見著他,問問他這事。
Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 遇到困難請告訴我。
If case I forget, please remind me about it. 萬一我忘記,請請醒我一下。
(2) 用作連詞,表示目的,其意為“以防”“免得”。如:
I’ll take my raincoat in case it rains. 我將帶上雨衣,以防下雨。
I shall sit up for a time, in case I’m wanted. 我暫時不睡以防需要我。
I bought the car at once in case he changed his mind. 我馬上買下了那輛汽車,以免他變卦。
I don’t let him climb trees in case he tears his trousers. 我不讓他爬樹,以免撕破褲子。
(3) 起副詞作用,其意為“以防萬一”。如:
You’d better carry some money in case. 你最好帶些錢,以防萬一。
The sun is shining, but I’ll take an umbrella just in case. 現(xiàn)在是晴天,但我還是帶上雨傘以防萬一。
The dog was chained, but I carried a stick in case. 狗是用鏈條鎖住的,但我?guī)е桓髯右苑廊f一。
2. 注意in case 后從句的時態(tài)
(1) 原則上說,若主句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài),則從句也用現(xiàn)在時態(tài);主句為過去時態(tài),從句也用過去時態(tài)。如:
I always keep candles in the house in case there is a power cut. 我家里常備有蠟燭,以防斷電。
I wrote down her address in case I forgot it. 我記下了她的住址,免得忘了。
He wasn’t going to use his car in case somebody recognized it. 他不打算用自己的汽車,因為怕有人認出他的車。
(2) 有時從句也可用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣(不管主句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)還是過去時態(tài))。如:
I don’t let him go out in this weather in case he should catch cold. 我不讓他這種天氣出去以防他會感冒。
I’ve bought a chicken in case your friend should stay to lunch. 我買了一只雞,免得你的朋友萬一留下來吃午飯沒菜。
(3) 注意,當(dāng)主句為將來時態(tài)時,從句謂語不能用將來時態(tài),而要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義。如:
I’ll keep a seat for you in case you change your mind. 我給你留一個座位,以防你會改變主意。
3. 不要混淆in case 與in case of
in case 可用作連詞和副詞,而in case of 用作介詞。如:
In case of fire, ring the bell. 如發(fā)生火災(zāi),請按鈴。
The wall was built along the river in case of floods. 沿江筑了堤壩以防有洪水。
有時兩者可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如:
In case I’m not here, ask my brother to help you.=In case of my not being here, ask my brother to help you.(www.nmet168.com)
如果我不在,可讓我弟弟幫助你。
4. 弄清in case與if的區(qū)別
注意下面兩個句子在意思上的不同:
I’ll come tomorrow in case Ann wants me. 明天我要來,以備安找我。
I’ll come tomorrow if Ann wants me. 如果安找我,我明天就來。
但是,介詞短語 in case of…與 if there is…的意思卻相同。如:
In case of accident phone 999.=If there is an accident phone 999. 如果發(fā)生事故,請撥電話999。
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