锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟酵岋拷锟饺岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)一直锟皆侊拷锟斤拷锟角革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷W(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟叫碉拷锟統锟斤拷锟統锟街的嗭拷锟絵锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷.锟斤拷么锟斤拷锟叫的岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤實(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷1

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锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷要锟斤拷循锟斤拷一變锟斤拷原锟絫锟酵岋拷锟斤拷原锟絫

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟絫锟叫ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1.锟斤拷锟巾對锟秸ｏ拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸組锟酵岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷同一锟叫撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫ｏ拷锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絆(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟秸ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷eg锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟絚锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)原锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷H2O2酶锟斤拷锟斤拷H2O2锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟紺锟斤拷酶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷呋锟斤拷锟斤拷膶锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷2.锟洁互锟斤拷锟秸ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷探锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絤锟截度的岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

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锟斤拷锟斤拷3.锟秸白岋拷锟秸ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟斤拷锟侥岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟秸ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷eg锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷酶锟竭伙拷锟斤拷锟桔岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷還原锟斤拷锟絙锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷4.锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷eg锟斤拷锟劫勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤激锟斤拷锟轿剐★拷锟�(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤實(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶組锟介實(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟組锟斤拷锟轿癸拷谞锟斤拷偌锟斤拷兀锟�锟斤拷锟揭組锟斤拷l锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸ｏ拷锟轿癸拷谞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷苿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷喂藥锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角空白岋拷锟秸組

锟斤拷锟斤拷2

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)一锟絕锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷RNA锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫的分诧拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)原锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟紾色锟斤拷RNA锟絫色

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紻NA锟斤拷要锟街诧拷锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)也锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷RNA锟斤拷要锟街诧拷锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟剿呈綠色锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟绞紅色.

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絙锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷還原锟斤拷+锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷u锟絫色锟斤拷锟斤拷脂锟斤拷+锟終锟斤拷III锟斤拷锟絊色

锟斤拷锟斤拷脂锟斤拷+锟終锟斤拷IV锟絫色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)+锟絧锟絪锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷還原锟角的檢锟統

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较碉拷锟絰锟�锟斤拷锟竭�原锟角猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷诎锟缴�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絆锟斤拷锟斤拷锟芥，锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭猴拷锟�0.1g/mL锟斤拷NaOH锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷0.05g/mL锟斤拷CuSO4锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷F(xi锟斤拷n)锟矫★拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷取锟斤拷液2mL锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷→锟斤拷锟诫剛锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟斤拷1mL锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷锟揭猴拷锟斤拷锟揭猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷偌锟斤拷耄�→水浴锟接燂拷2min锟斤拷锟斤拷→锟絕锟斤拷锟缴�變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色→锟絓锟絳(l锟斤拷n)色→锟絬锟絫色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷模锟組锟斤拷锟角的檢锟統

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷取锟接ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿碉拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟津病伙拷锟竭碉拷锟斤拷液

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟絲锟統锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷锟剿�浴锟接熱）锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷z锟統锟斤拷試锟杰冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟絬锟絫色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟津病伙拷锟竭碉拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷未锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟絬锟絫色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿碉拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷虿』锟斤拷叩锟斤拷锟揭猴拷泻锟斤拷锟竭�原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷l(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絬锟絫色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟叫無還原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆沒锟叫發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷脂锟斤拷锟侥檢锟統

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锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟斤拷片越锟斤拷越锟矫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟筋薄锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絛锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷染色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟終锟斤拷锟斤拷染液2锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟斤拷→2锟斤拷3min锟斤拷锟斤拷去染液→锟斤拷锟絯锟絜锟斤拷?j锟斤拷n)?sh锟斤拷)50%锟侥酒撅拷洗去锟斤拷色→锟斤拷去锟斤拷锟斤拷木凭锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙片锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟节诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟斤拷→锟絯锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷片锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟絲锟絙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷微锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷→锟酵憋拷锟絉锟絕锟斤拷→锟竭憋拷锟絉锟絕锟斤拷染锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絊色锟斤拷脂锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟侥檢锟統

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锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟叫加橈拷液2mL→锟斤拷锟絧锟絪锟斤拷試锟斤拷A液1mL锟斤拷锟絬锟斤拷→锟斤拷锟絧锟絪锟斤拷試锟斤拷B液4锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絬锟斤拷→锟絕锟斤拷锟缴�變锟斤拷(锟斤拷色)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷示锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1锟斤拷锟斤拷見還原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷還原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷芽锟角讹拷锟斤拷還原锟斤拷锟角ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絊锟截讹拷锟角凤拷還原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2)還原锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤拷M锟斤拷取锟侥條锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴�锟斤拷锟缴�锟斤拷锟斤拷诎锟缴�锟斤拷锟界：锟絆锟斤拷锟斤拷锟芥、锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟絳(l锟斤拷n)锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟饺★拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�3)锟斤拷磨锟叫烇拷锟揭�锟斤拷石英砂锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷石英砂锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟叫猴拷影锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷石英砂锟角烇拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷磨锟斤拷锟斤拷帧锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞�英砂锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)使锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷還原锟斤拷锟角減锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟絙锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷液锟缴�變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟揭冿拷液锟斤拷使锟矫凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷系锟侥匡拷模锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷F(xi锟斤拷n)锟矫ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷虾锟绞癸拷锟�锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�5)還原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟缴�變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�?y锟斤拷n)锟�锟斤拷锟絓锟絳(l锟斤拷n)色锟斤拷色锟絬锟絫色

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷6锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟揭�锟�锟斤拷锟街伙拷泻鼙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷透锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷微锟絉锟斤拷锟絕锟届。

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�7锟斤拷锟紻(zhu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷模锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟侥厚薄诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�8锟斤拷脂锟斤拷锟絙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷洗去锟斤拷色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷9锟斤拷锟絧锟絪锟斤拷試锟斤拷A锟斤拷B锟斤拷液锟角凤拷锟较猴拷锟矫ｏ拷锟饺硷拷A液锟斤拷目锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕锟斤拷锟饺匡拷锟缴�變锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰伙拷锟�锟斤拷锟饺硷拷A液锟斤拷目锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷液锟绞堿锟皆ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一些锟襟豆組锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟酵硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较ｏ拷锟斤拷锟絩锟絓锟斤拷~锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟津菠诧拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷腔锟斤拷皮锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絉锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絙片

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟斤拷锟紷微锟絉锟斤拷锟絕锟届，锟紾色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿伙拷E锟斤拷锟轿★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫斤拷锟角綠染液染色锟斤拷目锟角伙拷锟狡わ拷锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫撅拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絳(l锟斤拷n)锟紾色锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟接斤拷锟給色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷知锟絉锟斤拷要锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷取锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟酵憋拷锟絕锟斤拷弑锟斤拷^锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷示锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1)锟斤拷什么锟斤拷直锟斤拷取锟斤拷锟絓類碉拷小锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷直锟斤拷取锟矫诧拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷\類碉拷小锟絶锟杰憋拷锟斤拷只锟斤拷一锟接硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟缴很讹拷锟接硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷取锟矫诧拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟铰憋拷皮锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�锟皆庯拷些锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷皮锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絣(w锟斤拷i)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟解，一锟姐不锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟解細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷~锟紾锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�3)锟斤拷锟接加匡拷锟斤拷寮�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟劫讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絤锟截讹拷锟角讹拷锟劫ｏ拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫傦拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶片锟斤拷25锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�4锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷位锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絕锟届，锟斤拷锟絕锟届到锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟侥現(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟絶锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�5锟斤拷锟斤拷視野锟斤拷某锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟巾槙r(sh锟斤拷)锟�锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟絙片锟斤拷該锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟侥岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟紿锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接碉拷锟斤拷锟皆烇拷順時(sh锟斤拷)針★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷6锟斤拷锟角凤拷一锟姐細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷只锟叫猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷贁锟�(sh锟斤拷)植锟斤拷募锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟筋細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷7锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷植锟斤拷锟矫�锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟紷微锟絉锟斤拷視野锟斤拷锟饺戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷{(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷視野锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟絤锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷一些锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫凤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷平锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟缴癸拷锟絪小锟斤拷圈锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�8锟斤拷锟节忥拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰ｏ拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷泻锟阶冿拷锟�锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟斤拷锟杰癸拷锟斤拷e锟絕小锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟叫絲锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较ｏ拷锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷锟解（锟絒锟斤拷锟解）

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷B(y锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷b片锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟教ｏ拷锟斤拷锟絰→漂洗→染色→锟斤拷片

锟斤拷锟斤拷1.锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷藥液锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷?j锟斤拷n)?sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷15%锟斤拷锟絵锟结，锟絯锟絜锟斤拷?j锟斤拷n)?sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷95%锟侥酒撅拷(1锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟揭�).

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷3~5min.目锟侥ｏ拷使锟組锟斤拷锟叫的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟洁互锟斤拷锟絰锟絖锟斤拷.

锟斤拷锟斤拷2.漂洗锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水漂洗锟絪3min.目锟侥ｏ拷洗去藥液锟斤拷锟斤拷止锟斤拷锟絰锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷染色.

锟斤拷锟斤拷3.染色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷葹锟�0.01g/mL锟斤拷0.02g/mL锟斤拷锟斤拷膽锟斤拷锟斤拷液(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫液)染色3~5min

锟斤拷锟斤拷目锟侥ｏ拷使染色锟絯锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷.

锟斤拷锟斤拷4.锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷d锟斤拷片锟较ｏ拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷影迅锟斤拷锟脚�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟劫硷拷一片锟絛锟斤拷片.然锟斤拷锟斤拷拇指锟絧锟絧锟截帮拷锟斤拷锟絛锟斤拷片.目锟侥ｏ拷使锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷散锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷.

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节低憋拷锟絉锟斤拷锟揭碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷^(q锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫緊锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节凤拷锟窖★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟絈锟竭憋拷锟絉锟斤拷锟絕锟届：锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷→锟斤拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷末锟斤拷→锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷注锟斤拷锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)染色锟絯锟轿態(t锟斤拷i)锟酵分诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟节凤拷锟斤拷锟絞锟节的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷示锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1)锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絈水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟叫碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷止锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫無锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷筛锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒還锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟斤拷锟絝锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷[锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫匡拷l锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟矫革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷取锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖時(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟角何時(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷^(q锟斤拷)锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟叫絲锟斤拷锟窖ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷10锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟剿時(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖伙拷锟絊锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�4锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟酵夛拷片锟斤拷目锟侥分別锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟揭�锟劫硷拷一锟終锟絛锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟角烇拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟洁互锟斤拷锟絰锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟角烇拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟洁互锟斤拷散锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫硷拷一锟終锟絛锟斤拷片锟角烇拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟津，凤拷止锟絯锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷5锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷慕M锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�6)锟斤拷锟絰锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞裁达拷锟斤拷锟酵�锟缴达拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟街斤拷锟斤拷芙饧�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絞锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷纱锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�7)锟斤拷锟揭�漂洗锟斤拷洗去锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺旧�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�8)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷染色锟斤拷锟斤拷慕Y(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷什么锟斤拷染色锟斤拷锟斤拷慕Y(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷染色锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�9锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷募锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷诟锟斤拷锟街伙拷蟹锟斤拷锟斤拷^(q锟斤拷)锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰夛拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟角ｏ拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿ｏ拷锟斤拷锟叫緊锟杰ｏ拷锟叫的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷處锟节凤拷锟窖狅拷B(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫高憋拷锟絉锟揭凤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟竭憋拷锟絉锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷膶锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟紿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷锟統锟皆發(f锟斤拷)锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�10锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�锟揭凤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟矫高憋拷锟斤拷锟絉锟揭凤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟结？锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷染液锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷锟饺旧�锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟絕锟絃锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷11锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷什么锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟节的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷啵匡拷锟绞裁达拷锟斤拷g锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷诩?x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟絞锟节時(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟絃锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�12锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷募锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰忥拷锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节嗭拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷募锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷停锟斤拷锟斤拷某一锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟节碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�13锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷皮锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰否看碉拷染色锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷[锟斤拷皮锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟姐不锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�14锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰匡拷锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷锟揭碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷锟揭碉拷處锟节凤拷锟斤拷锟节的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷染液锟絕稀锟斤拷染色锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷^酶锟斤拷Fe3+锟侥催伙拷效锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷示锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�锟絰锟斤拷锟絩锟侥革拷锟終锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷诓锟斤拷锟斤拷r锟侥革拷锟終锟叫ｏ拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷酶锟侥伙拷锟皆曪拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡壞讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷該锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟杰戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟絕锟街碉拷還锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟斤拷锟絕锟街碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿成达拷锟斤拷锟侥氾拷锟捷ｏ拷锟斤拷影锟斤拷l(w锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷膹锟�(f锟斤拷)燃锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�锟絰锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷母锟斤拷K锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)植锟斤拷慕M锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷磨液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟終锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷酶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟絊锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)植锟斤拷M锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷酶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰夛拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥塊锟斤拷锟斤拷K锟酵革拷锟終锟斤拷磨液锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟竭伙拷效锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷磨液效锟斤拷锟矫ｏ拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷酶锟絚锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷慕锟斤拷|锟斤拷e锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�5锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷K锟斤拷磨液锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟紽锟斤拷液锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟缴凤拷锟斤拷锟铰傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰ｏ拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷止锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷酶锟絚锟饺伙拷锟紽锟斤拷希锟斤拷锟接绊憣锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)效锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷色锟截碉拷锟斤拷取锟酵凤拷锟絰

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟叫碉拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰斤拷锟斤拷锟叫機(j锟斤拷)锟杰勶拷锟斤拷酮锟斤拷o水锟揭达拷——锟斤拷取色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟节岋拷锟斤拷液锟叫碉拷锟杰斤拷炔锟酵�锟斤拷锟絊锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟节濾锟斤拷锟较擴(ku锟斤拷)散锟劫度诧拷同——锟斤拷锟絰色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷取色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷磨

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷锟狡傦拷V锟斤拷锟絣

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絍液锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷直锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟截忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟缴达拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�4锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰色锟截ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷讓锟絍液锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�5锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟接涗洠锟斤拷Y(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絍锟斤拷锟絣锟较忥拷锟较碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿為：锟斤拷锟絊色(锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絊色(锟絶锟絊锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絳(l锟斤拷n)锟紾色(锟絶锟紾锟斤拷a)锟斤拷锟絊锟紾色(锟絶锟紾锟斤拷b).

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷示锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶片锟斤拷要锟襟？烇拷锟揭�去锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟酵粗的時(sh锟斤拷)锟絵锟斤拷锟紾色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紾色锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷~锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟截猴拷锟劫★拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟借對锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟叫猴拷影锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷磨锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)使锟絍液锟斤拷色锟截庯拷锟斤拷锟缴�變锟絓锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�3锟斤拷锟斤拷酮锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫酒撅拷锟斤拷锟叫機(j锟斤拷)锟杰勶拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟芥，锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟缴�锟截诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟�?br />
锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�4锟斤拷碳锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷碳锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟叫猴拷影锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給(h锟斤拷)色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷止锟斤拷锟斤拷磨锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絶锟紾锟絯锟叫碉拷色锟斤拷锟杰碉拷锟狡夛拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷碳锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟絍液锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)變锟斤拷锟絊锟紾色锟斤拷锟缴�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�5锟斤拷锟斤拷磨锟斤拷锟揭�迅锟劫ｏ拷要锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟絕锟絍锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷貌锟斤拷锟斤拷脼V锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷磨迅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角烇拷锟剿凤拷止锟斤拷酮锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷只锟叫筹拷锟斤拷锟侥�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟杰解到锟斤拷酮锟叫侊拷锟斤拷色锟截诧拷锟斤拷通锟絕锟絍锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�6锟斤拷锟絍锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷锟揭�锟斤拷去锟缴斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷止锟缴傦拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟経(ku锟斤拷)散锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�7锟斤拷锟斤拷尾锟斤拷锟斤拷锟戒摴P锟斤拷A锟斤拷P锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟戒摴P水锟斤拷A锟斤拷P锟斤拷锟叫猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)影锟缴�锟截的凤拷锟絰锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷8锟斤拷锟絍液锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�直锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�锟截�锟斤拷状危锟斤拷锟街股�锟截庯拷锟斤拷锟截疊锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使色锟截庯拷锟斤拷锟缴�锟斤拷锟斤拷一些锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�9锟斤拷锟絍液锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷尾锟斤拷锟斤拷|锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷止色锟斤拷锟杰解到锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�10锟斤拷锟絍锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷色锟截烇拷螘锟�(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节诧拷同锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟节岋拷锟斤拷液锟叫碉拷锟杰斤拷炔锟酵�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷S锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟节濾锟斤拷锟絣锟较的擴(ku锟斤拷)散锟劫度就诧拷同锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷11锟斤拷色锟截庯拷锟筋寬锟斤拷锟斤拷什么色锟截ｏ拷锟斤拷锟节岋拷锟斤拷液锟叫碉拷锟杰斤拷缺锟绞裁瓷�锟截达拷一些锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟筋寬锟斤拷色锟截庯拷锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟斤拷a锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰斤拷缺锟斤拷~锟紾锟斤拷b锟斤拷一些锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�12锟斤拷锟絍锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷锟洁互锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥兩種色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟截猴拷锟絶锟絊锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�13)色锟截庯拷锟斤拷窄锟斤拷锟角第幾條色锟截庯拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絣色锟截庯拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟斤拷锟侥種色锟斤拷锟叫猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟酵忥拷(f锟斤拷)原

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷炔睿�锟筋細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较ｏ拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟絒锟絒片锟絶锟斤拷锟狡わ拷锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷液锟捷ｏ拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�0.3g/mL锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟饺★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒锟絒片锟絶锟斤拷锟狡わ拷锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絉锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絙片→锟絕锟斤拷→锟絯锟斤拷片一锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷→锟絕锟斤拷(液锟斤拷锟缴达拷小锟斤拷锟缴�锟缴淺變锟筋，原锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节凤拷锟絰)→锟絯锟斤拷片一锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷→锟絕锟斤拷(锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)原)

锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)論锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷龋锟斤拷锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷失水锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷龋锟斤拷锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)原

锟斤拷锟斤拷知锟絉锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷片锟絕锟斤拷锟揭猴拷^锟斤拷锟剿�锟絕锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷示锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷锟揭�锟絰锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷么锟絢锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟侥达拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷液锟捷的达拷小變锟斤拷锟斤拷讓陽癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷皮锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)撕還锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷皮锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)撕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷谋锟狡わ拷锟斤拷锟教�锟斤拷?br />
锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�3锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷螘锟�(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷失去水锟街時(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟接碉拷锟斤拷s锟皆达拷锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟斤拷s锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟�?d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絔锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷液锟捷达拷小锟斤拷锟缴�锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)原锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷液锟斤拷變小锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟筋；锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)原锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷液锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷色變锟絓锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�5锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷募锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)原锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭猴拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷失水锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟絕锟絃锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷6锟斤拷锟竭憋拷锟絉使锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟絙片锟斤拷锟斤拷苿锟�(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷視野锟斤拷锟较凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡碉拷視野锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫要锟斤拷锟絙片锟絕锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷視野锟斤拷锟襟方碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡碉拷視野锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫要锟斤拷锟絙片锟絕锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷@微锟絉視野锟叫匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角碉拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�7锟斤拷锟絈锟竭憋拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷視野锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺曪拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷{(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絈锟竭憋拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷視野锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟饺︼拷锟斤拷锟矫凤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟侥帮拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷使視野變锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷8锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷目锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟絃锟斤拷锟絚锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷目锟絉越锟絃锟斤拷锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)越锟�锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉越锟絃锟斤拷锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)越锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�9锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟絚锟絛锟斤拷片之锟絞锟侥撅拷锟絰锟酵放大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟絚锟絛锟斤拷片之锟絞锟侥撅拷锟絰越小锟斤拷锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)越锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�10)锟斤拷锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷計(j锟斤拷)锟姐方锟斤拷锟斤拷锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絯指锟斤拷e锟侥放大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)還锟斤拷锟絃锟饺的放大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷目锟絉锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絚锟斤拷锟絉锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟侥乘積锟斤拷锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷指锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)小锟斤拷锟絯锟絃锟饺伙拷?q锟斤拷)锟斤拷鹊姆糯蟊稊?sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�11锟斤拷锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絚視野锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷視野锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟脚大倍旓拷(sh锟斤拷)越锟斤拷視野锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷越锟襟、旓拷(sh锟斤拷)目越锟斤拷锟斤拷視野越锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�12锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絈目锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷失锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷目锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絈锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷失锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟絛锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絛锟斤拷片锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�13锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟統锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷液锟侥濓拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一系锟叫濓拷葟锟叫★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟节分別锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较诧拷同锟斤拷鹊锟斤拷锟揭猴拷瞥锟侥持诧拷锛�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絙片锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷微锟絉锟絕锟斤拷某植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟角凤拷l(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷某植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷液锟侥濓拷染徒锟斤拷诓锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟侥濓拷群锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟侥濓拷锟街�锟絞锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷DNA锟侥达拷锟斤拷取锟絚锟絙锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷示锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1)锟絬血锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絠血锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)椴革拷锟�?d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷募t锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫沒锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷取DNA锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷锟絬血锟叫烇拷锟揭�锟接欙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�锟斤拷去锟絬血锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷止血液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭猴拷锟窖�锟絳锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�3锟斤拷脹锟狡硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵水锟结？

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷血锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絪水锟斤拷使锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷脹锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵水锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟窖�锟�?x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絪水锟叫诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�4锟斤拷該锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷脩锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟矫诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷還锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较燂拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷蠠锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)椴ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紻NA锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�5锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟絍锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫硷拷锟斤拷锟侥層旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟街別锟角讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟接硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节猴拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)透锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷V液锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟矫讹拷锟接硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰凤拷止DNA锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷透锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷V液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫兩層硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA透锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰凤拷止锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絪锟絴(zh锟斤拷)透锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�6锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷太锟劫ｏ拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟轿硷拷锟斤拷锟絪水锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷未锟斤拷锟矫涳拷锟�锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟轿硷拷锟斤拷锟絪水锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟絕锟絍锟斤拷锟剿讹拷锟接硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟絕锟絍锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟接硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟剿诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�7锟斤拷锟缴次硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絪水锟斤拷目锟侥分別锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟角烇拷锟斤拷使血锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷水脹锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟角烇拷锟剿斤拷锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟絚锟侥濓拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷8锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟叫旓拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷慰锟揭�锟斤拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟津攪帮拷锟斤拷锟斤拷止DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰碉拷锟絧锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷9锟斤拷锟缴达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟街別锟斤拷什么锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟街別锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟角硷拷锟斤拷锟絪水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟絚锟侥濓拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷使DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟角硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷凭锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟紻NA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节酒撅拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�10)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰斤拷DNA锟斤拷液锟絯锟街別锟斤拷什么锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟街別锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟轿讹拷锟斤拷锟矫濓拷葹锟�2mol/L锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟絚锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫碉拷锟斤拷0锟斤拷015mol/L锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟絚锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟絚锟叫碉拷锟杰斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絊锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟絚锟侥濓拷鹊锟阶冿拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶冿拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟饺伙拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷葹锟�0锟斤拷14mol/L锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟杰斤拷锟斤拷锟酵★拷2mol/L锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟絚锟斤拷液锟斤拷0锟斤拷015mol/L锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟絚锟斤拷液锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟杰斤拷榷锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟竭★拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�11)锟絙锟斤拷DNA锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟揭�锟矫冿拷支試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷F(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷謩e锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫诧拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷該試锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷變色锟斤拷锟斤拷一支锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷液變锟絳(l锟斤拷n)色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷探锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟侥猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷碳锟斤拷水锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷C6H12O6+6O2+6H2O6CO2+12H2O+锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节無锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫無锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟狡撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷碳锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷C6H12O62C2H5OH+2CO2+锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟絙锟矫ｏ拷锟斤拷見锟絥锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟絲锟統锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟絲锟統CO2锟侥產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷石锟斤拷水變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷莘锟斤拷{(l锟斤拷n)水锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟絳(l锟斤拷n)變锟紾锟斤拷變锟絊锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟絲锟統锟狡撅拷锟侥產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆條锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟狡撅拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷變锟缴灰綠色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)十锟絕锟届細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷目锟斤拷要锟斤拷通锟絕锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷母锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖固讹拷锟絙片锟斤拷锟絉锟絜锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖诧拷同锟紸锟轿碉拷染色锟絯锟斤拷锟轿態(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷位锟矫和旓拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷锟斤拷锟筋對锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟教碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫具ｏ拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷母锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖固讹拷锟絙片锟斤拷锟紷微锟絉锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟节低憋拷锟絉锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷母锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖固讹拷锟絙片锟斤拷锟絉锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿硷拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟酵撅拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节低憋拷锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭碉拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟轿凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节和減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟节讹拷锟轿凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节高憋拷锟絉锟斤拷锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟絕锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷锟轿態(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷位锟矫和旓拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷討論锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷袛锟揭曇帮拷械锟揭伙拷锟�(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟节減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟轿凤拷锟斤拷還锟角減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟节讹拷锟轿凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟轿凤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟节讹拷锟轿凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫碉拷染色锟絯锟侥诧拷同锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷什么锟斤拷末锟斤拷锟截ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)十一锟酵滐拷锟絋锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)染色锟絯锟接憋拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫低滐拷處锟斤拷植锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷M锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰夛拷锟斤拷锟狡硷拷锟絅锟絯锟斤拷锟轿筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷影锟饺旧�锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷蓸O锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟杰凤拷锟窖成兩傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟接硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒锟絃锟斤拷锟絪1cm锟斤拷锟揭的诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥低滐拷锟揭冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷4锟芥）锟斤拷锟絋锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)36h锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷取锟絋锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)處锟斤拷锟侥革拷锟斤拷s0.5~1cm锟斤拷锟斤拷锟诫卡锟絑锟斤拷液锟叫斤拷锟斤拷0.5~1h锟斤拷锟皆固讹拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿態(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絜锟斤拷?j锟斤拷n)?sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷95%锟侥酒撅拷锟絖洗2锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙片锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰→漂洗→染色→锟斤拷片

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷視野锟叫硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥讹拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷也锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷.

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷討論锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟酵溫讹拷锟斤拷锟絋锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟接憋拷锟斤拷锟紷锟缴種锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷之處锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)十锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟介常見锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷z锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟饺猴拷w锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰取群锟絯锟叫發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟竭的單伙拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷t锟紾色盲锟斤拷锟阶伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭度斤拷視(600锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷.

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街組锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟統(t锟斤拷ng)一計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷.

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷計(j锟斤拷)锟姐公式锟斤拷某锟絅锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷=*100%

锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷討論锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟斤拷z锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角凤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟結锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷.

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)十锟斤拷探锟斤拷植锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絃锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷扦锟斤拷枝锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫碉拷锟斤拷锟絃锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷铮篘AA(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷2锟斤拷4-D锟斤拷IPA(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷).IBA(锟斤拷锟结丁锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫斤拷锟捷凤拷锟斤拷锟窖诧拷l锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫好碉拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷s3cm锟斤拷處锟斤拷锟叫★拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟斤拷锟疥畢锟酵匡拷锟斤拷扦锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟絅處锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟侥濓拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷a锟酵空氾拷锟斤拷锟絕锟竭的地凤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷處锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟秸凑猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷巡锟絣锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟节濓拷锟斤拷^锟竭碉拷藥液锟斤拷蘸一锟铰ｏ拷锟絪5s锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷s1.5cm锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟紸(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絆(sh锟斤拷)計(j锟斤拷)一锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷荻锟斤拷^锟斤拷膶锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷探锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节此伙拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絆(sh锟斤拷)計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟铰的岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n).

锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟絆(sh锟斤拷)計(j锟斤拷)锟侥庯拷锟�(xi锟斤拷ng)原锟絫锟斤拷锟劫嗭拷一變锟斤拷原锟絫(只锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟侥濓拷炔锟酵�)锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟斤拷原锟絫(锟斤拷锟狡無锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟侥濓拷炔锟酵�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截忥拷(f锟斤拷)原锟絫(每一锟斤拷锟教庯拷锟�3~5锟斤拷枝锟絣)锟斤拷锟杰岋拷锟斤拷原锟絫锟斤拷锟洁互锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸白岋拷锟秸ｏ拷锟斤拷锟捷科學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷原锟絫

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)十锟斤拷探锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)液锟叫斤拷母锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟紹(t锟斤拷i)變锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解、锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟絯锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷血锟斤拷計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(2mm×2mm锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)液锟斤拷0.1mm)

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟狡岋拷(d锟斤拷o)計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷討論锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)7锟斤拷锟斤拷锟統(t锟斤拷ng)計(j锟斤拷)锟侥斤拷母锟斤拷锟絅群锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟絅群锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絃锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡測影锟接绊懡锟侥革拷锟斤拷N群锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)十锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟饺猴拷S锟斤拷锟饺碉拷锟叫撅拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟絊锟斤拷锟饺的統(t锟斤拷ng)計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟斤拷锟叫兩種锟斤拷記锟斤拷計(j锟斤拷)锟姐法锟斤拷目锟統锟斤拷計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷記锟斤拷計(j锟斤拷)锟姐法锟斤拷指锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷e锟侥樣碉拷锟叫ｏ拷直锟接旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅群锟侥傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷锟紷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟絯锟絕锟襟，種群锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟睫碉拷群锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷目锟統锟斤拷計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紸(y锟斤拷)锟饺確锟斤拷锟侥讹拷鹊燃锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接�(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷位锟斤拷e锟较傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥讹拷锟劫★拷锟饺硷拷锟侥勶拷锟街和憋拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷“锟角筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟洁、锟絕锟洁、锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷”锟饺碉拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟絆(sh锟斤拷)計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟秸硷拷锟酵統(t锟斤拷ng)計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖硷拷锟侥旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)十锟斤拷锟絅群锟杰度碉拷取锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷示锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1锟斤拷什么锟角種群锟杰度碉拷取锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟介法锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节憋拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷N群锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷h(hu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟絊锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟絰取锟斤拷锟缴傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟接凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫樣凤拷锟絅群锟杰度碉拷平锟斤拷值锟斤拷锟斤拷該锟絅群锟侥種群锟杰讹拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿憋拷锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟介工锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟介對锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟姐應(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶植锟斤拷锟斤拷還锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷锟絶植锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么锟斤拷

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锟斤拷锟斤拷只計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷該锟接凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥兩條邊锟较碉拷植锟斤拷臄锟�(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�4锟斤拷锟斤拷某锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟轿诧拷锟紷某锟絅锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷M只锟斤拷锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷呕锟皆�處锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟轿诧拷锟紷N只锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫猴拷锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絯Y只锟斤拷锟斤拷該锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷該锟絅锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷目锟斤拷锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷MN/Y

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�5锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟截诧拷锟斤拷锟侥條锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟劫橈拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷N群锟叫撅拷锟斤拷植锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絯锟斤拷未锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟接憋拷锟斤拷锟侥機(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷w锟斤拷锟斤拷锟桔沒锟斤拷锟铰的筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)十锟斤拷探锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟戒（锟斤拷锟絶锟阶ｏ拷锟斤拷群锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟襟：ｏ拷1锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰凤拷模锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵革拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭冿拷(n锟斤拷i)通锟絃(f锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟解線锟斤拷锟矫的地凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷陽癸拷直锟斤拷锟斤拷锟戒。

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�2锟斤拷锟組锟缴成分ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷煞锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(f锟斤拷i)锟竭和分斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷煞值臄锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡夛拷食锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絆(sh锟斤拷)計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷锟斤拷“锟侥诧拷锟斤拷”锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟巾實(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺分組锟斤拷锟斤拷號锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟较時(sh锟斤拷)要注锟解應(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷一些锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷锟界：“锟斤拷锟絃一锟铰碉拷”锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟絞锟斤拷同锟侥ｏ拷锟絯锟斤拷一锟铰碉拷”锟饺碉拷锟斤拷锟街成讹拷锟劫組要視锟絵目锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷息锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷r锟街兩組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷號锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紸锟斤拷B锟斤拷C锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟揭★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷2锟斤拷3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

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