锟斤拷一锟矫的歷史锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)記锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟絭史锟戒實(sh锟斤拷)锟角诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷記硬锟斤拷锟侥ｏ拷只要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷去锟斤拷锟絥锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷嗫达拷状锟斤拷n锟斤拷锟斤拷記锟斤拷锟铰硷拷锟侥憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟教猴拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷v史锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷却锟斤拷x

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰目锟斤拷c锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟教材碉拷輪锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷印锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿斤拷一锟斤拷锟�(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟絥锟侥碉拷“锟斤拷”锟絚锟劫讹拷要锟斤拷锟剿讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫的歷史锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿斤拷模锟斤拷锟�“锟斤拷”锟缴讹拷一些锟斤拷锟劫度可匡拷一些锟斤拷陌锟斤拷锟侥則要锟絰锟斤拷一些锟斤拷锟斤拷一些锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟絰

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿斤拷痰锟�“锟絚(di锟斤拷n)”锟斤拷“锟斤拷”锟斤拷“锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟界《锟結锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟狡度的確锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟教碉拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟絟锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷1640-1642锟斤拷 2锟斤拷英锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷1642-1649锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷 處锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵囷拷(gu锟斤拷)锟侥斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷1649锟斤拷4锟斤拷-5锟铰ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷锟剿傦拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷)锟矫統(t锟斤拷ng)锟轿ｏ拷1653-1660锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷5锟斤拷斯锟紻锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟劫ｏ拷1660-1688锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷6锟斤拷锟斤拷s锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷1688锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷7锟斤拷 锟斤拷锟斤拷(qu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕(gu锟斤拷)——锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡的確锟斤拷锟斤拷1689锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶�锟教诧拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟紿”锟斤拷邊注锟较碉拷一锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟紿锟酵第讹拷锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟紿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥時(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟酵勶拷(chu锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x“锟铰囷拷(gu锟斤拷)十一锟铰革拷锟斤拷”锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷“斯锟斤拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷”锟斤拷注锟斤拷“斯锟斤拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)——锟斤拷希锟紻奴锟絗锟狡囷拷(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷之一”锟斤拷“斯锟斤拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷——锟脚达拷锟絖锟絉锟斤拷锟酵囷拷(gu锟斤拷)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)奴锟絗锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟絀(l锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷還锟斤拷锟较庯拷锟絥锟斤拷锟絭锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟統锟絚(di锟斤拷n)要锟斤拷锟叫猴拷锟紼锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥ｏ拷锟斤拷锟絙

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟角憋拷锟絙也要锟絭锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆時(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絊锟斤拷锟轿筹拷一锟絣锟絭史锟铰硷拷锟斤拷變锟侥撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷ng)”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷1773锟斤拷锟斤拷1774锟斤拷锟斤拷1775锟斤拷锟斤拷1776锟斤拷锟斤拷l(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絣锟絭史锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟皆歷史锟铰硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟�(l锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟铰硷拷聯(li锟斤拷n)锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷記锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷英锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟結锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟紸锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵凤拷锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟筋應(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷記锟絭史锟教學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷目锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟秸凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絳锟斤拷锟紺锟较★拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷邏輯思锟絊锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟矫歷史唯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟絕锟届問(w锟斤拷n)锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟絵锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫歷史锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷指锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟截忥拷锟紷锟阶傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷约锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)試锟皆的歷史锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)注锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥Ｊ斤拷c锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖歷史唯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟絕锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷}锟侥匡拷锟�锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟窖革拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟截达拷v史锟铰硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟戒當(d锟斤拷ng)锟紷锟絅模式锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟捷ｏ拷锟斤拷使锟矫歷史锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟叫旓拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷論锟紺锟斤拷锟剿種锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫革拷锟絅锟斤拷式邏輯锟侥撅拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟皆加忥拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟皆硷拷锟侥戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷展锟絥锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷平锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷x一些锟絭史锟絥锟斤拷锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絃(zh锟斤拷ng)見(ji锟斤拷n)聞之锟斤拷锟斤拷還锟杰庯拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿斤拷一些锟絭史锟铰硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟揭傦拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫歷史知锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟角非筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷摹锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷通史锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫囷拷(gu锟斤拷)锟絭锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿碉拷失锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟铰冿拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絪志锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絭史锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷摘锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷

       锟斤拷一锟絭史锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絭史锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷v史锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷