锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(N2)

锟斤拷锟斤拷a锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟給色锟斤拷锟給味锟斤拷锟統锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟杰讹拷锟斤拷小锟节空氾拷锟斤拷锟节空氾拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絜锟街旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絪锟斤拷78%

锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式——N2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞�——锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷式——N≡N

锟斤拷锟斤拷c锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絀锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟较非筹拷锟轿癸拷锟斤拷锟統锟斤拷锟狡夛拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟角筹拷锟斤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚H2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷N2+3H2锟竭溫高夛拷锟竭伙拷锟斤拷2NH3

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷c锟斤拷锟解反锟斤拷锟斤拷N2+O2==2NO(锟給色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟侥氾拷锟絯锟斤拷锟叫讹拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷2NO+O2===2NO2(锟絫锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟教硷拷锟皆氾拷味锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟叫讹拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷3NO2+H2O===2HNO3+NO锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷去NO锟叫碉拷NO2

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴條锟絇系式锟斤拷4NO+3O2+2H2O==4HNO3锟斤拷4NO2+O2+2H2O==4HNO3

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(NH3)

锟斤拷锟斤拷a.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給色锟斤拷锟教硷拷锟皆氾拷味锟斤拷锟杰讹拷小锟节空氾拷锟斤拷锟絆锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水(1锟経700)锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩锟斤拷锟秸达拷锟斤拷锟侥燂拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟戒劑

锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式——NH3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞�——

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷式——H—N—H

锟斤拷锟斤拷c锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷c水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷NH3+H2ONH3·H2O(一水锟较帮拷)NH4++OH-锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆帮拷水锟斤拷液锟紷锟紸锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷c锟饺伙拷锟戒反锟斤拷锟斤拷NH3+HCl==NH4Cl锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟襟：產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟阶燂拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷d锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡備：原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟絵锟酵堿锟斤拷锟斤拷a(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷2NH4Cl+Ca(OH)2===2NH3↑+2H2O+CaCl2

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟矫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷苽锟斤拷b锟斤拷一锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟脚空氣法(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷榘憋拷锟絆锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水)

锟斤拷锟斤拷(注锟解：锟秸硷拷試锟杰匡拷锟斤拷一锟紽锟睫伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷止锟秸氣對锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷锟脚氾拷锟劫讹拷锟斤拷锟秸硷拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷C锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角凤拷锟秸硷拷锟組锟斤拷锟矫濕潤的紅色石锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟杰匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟斤拷變锟絳锟絝锟斤拷锟秸硷拷锟組

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤：锟紸石锟斤拷(CaO锟斤拷NaOH锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟�)

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷@锟絵

锟斤拷锟斤拷a锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷(NH4+)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷(锟斤拷Cl-锟斤拷SO42-)锟轿成的伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷NH4Cl锟斤拷NH4HCO3锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角撅拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水

锟斤拷锟斤拷c锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷偌訜锟街解：NH4Cl===NH3↑+HCl↑锟斤拷NH4HCO3===NH3↑+CO2↑+H2O

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷c锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟絵锟絚锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷僧a(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟教硷拷锟皆氾拷味锟斤拷锟斤拷使?ji锟斤拷)駶櫦t色石锟斤拷試锟斤拷變锟絳锟侥氾拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解，锟绞匡拷锟斤拷锟矫侊拷z锟斤拷@锟斤拷锟絰锟接的达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟界：NH4NO3+NaOH===NH3↑+H2O+NaCl,锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟接凤拷锟斤拷式锟介：NH4++OH-===NH3↑+H2O锟斤拷锟角岋拷锟斤拷覚z锟斤拷@锟斤拷锟絰锟接碉拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷d锟斤拷NH4+锟侥檢驗：NH4++OH-===NH3↑+H2O锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟叫硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷c锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟接燂拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫濕潤的紅色石锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟杰匡拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟角凤拷變锟絳锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟絳锟絫锟絝锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟絰锟接的达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷