锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷全 一篇锟酵夛拷锟斤拷

锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟节緊锟斤拷锟侥備考锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷叶锟斤拷诓锟饺憋拷a(b锟斤拷)漏锟斤拷锟皆硷拷锟侥嗭拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷o锟斤拷锟斤拷峁┮伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞斤拷锟饺�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷全

一锟斤拷直锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

(1)锟斤拷變锟斤拷直锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

1.平锟斤拷锟劫讹拷V平=x/t(锟斤拷锟絰式)

2.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷論Vt2-V02=2as

3.锟斤拷锟絞锟絩锟斤拷锟劫讹拷Vt/2=V平=(Vt+V0)/2

4.末锟劫讹拷Vt=V0+at

5.锟斤拷锟絞位锟斤拷锟劫讹拷Vs/2=[(V02+Vt2)/2]1/2

6.位锟斤拷s=V平t=V0t+at2/2=Vt/2t

7.锟斤拷锟劫讹拷a=(Vt-V0)/t

(锟斤拷V0锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷a锟絚V0同锟斤拷(锟斤拷锟斤拷)a>0;a锟絚V0锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟絧锟斤拷)锟絫a<0)

8.锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷論Δs=aT2(Δs锟斤拷锟紹锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷葧r锟絞(T)锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)位锟斤拷之锟斤拷)

9.锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷位:锟斤拷锟劫讹拷(V0):m/s;锟斤拷锟劫讹拷(a):m/s2;末锟劫讹拷(Vt):m/s;锟絩锟絞(t):锟斤拷(s);位锟斤拷(s):锟斤拷(m);路锟斤拷:锟斤拷;锟劫度嗭拷位锟絈锟姐：1m/s=3.6km/h锟斤拷

注锟斤拷

(1)平锟斤拷锟劫讹拷锟斤拷矢锟斤拷;

(2)锟斤拷锟絯锟劫度达拷,锟斤拷锟劫度诧拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷;

(3)a=(Vt-Vo)/t只锟角測锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角決锟斤拷式;

(4)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟捷ｏ拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷位锟狡猴拷路锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷系锟斤拷锟絩锟絞锟絚锟絩锟斤拷锟斤拷s--t锟紻锟斤拷v--t锟紻/锟劫讹拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷瞬锟絩锟劫度★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

(2)----锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絝锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

1) 平锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

1水平锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫度ｏ拷Vx=V0

2.锟絈直锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫度ｏ拷Vy=gt

3.水平锟斤拷锟斤拷位锟狡ｏ拷x=V0t

4.锟絈直锟斤拷锟斤拷位锟狡ｏ拷y=gt2/2

5.锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接時锟絞t=(2y/g)1/2(通锟斤拷锟街憋拷示锟斤拷(2h/g)1/2)

6.锟斤拷锟劫讹拷Vt=(Vx2+Vy2)1/2=[V02+(gt)2]1/2

锟斤拷锟劫度凤拷锟斤拷锟絚水平锟紸锟斤拷β锟斤拷tgβ=Vy/Vx=gt/V0

7.锟斤拷位锟狡ｏ拷s=(x2+y2)1/2

位锟狡凤拷锟斤拷锟絚水平锟紸锟斤拷α锟斤拷tgα=y/x=gt/2V0

8.水平锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷俣龋锟絘x=0;锟絈直锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷俣龋锟絘y=g

注锟斤拷

(1)平锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟角勶拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟劫度烇拷g,通锟�锟斤拷煽锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿�平锟斤拷锟斤拷膭锟斤拷锟街憋拷锟斤拷\(y锟斤拷n)锟絚锟絈直锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷w锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接的合筹拷;

(2)锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接時锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷叨锟絟(y)锟絈锟斤拷锟絚水平锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫度無锟絇(gu锟斤拷n);

(3)θ锟絚β锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷tgβ=2tgα;

(4)锟斤拷平锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟叫時锟絞t锟角斤拷锟絵锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟絀;(5)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接碉拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟叫硷拷锟劫讹拷,锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟劫度凤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟杰猴拷锟斤拷(锟斤拷锟劫讹拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同一直锟斤拷锟较時,锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷

2)锟斤拷锟劫圓锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

1.锟斤拷锟劫讹拷V=s/t=2πr/T

2.锟斤拷锟劫讹拷ω=Φ/t=2π/T=2πf

3.锟斤拷锟侥硷拷锟劫讹拷a=V2/r=ω2r=(2π/T)2r

4.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷F锟斤拷=mV2/r=mω2r=mr(2π/T)2=mωv=F锟斤拷

5.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟絣锟绞ｏ拷T=1/f

6.锟斤拷锟劫讹拷锟絚锟斤拷锟劫度碉拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷V=ωr

7.锟斤拷锟劫讹拷锟絚锟紻(zhu锟斤拷n)锟劫碉拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系ω=2πn(锟斤拷處锟絣锟斤拷锟絚锟紻(zhu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷同)

8.锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷位:锟斤拷锟絃(s):(m);锟角讹拷(Φ):锟斤拷锟斤拷(rad);锟絣锟斤拷(f);锟斤拷(Hz);锟斤拷锟斤拷(T):锟斤拷(s);锟紻(zhu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(n);r/s;锟诫徑(r):锟斤拷(m);锟斤拷锟劫讹拷(V):m/s;锟斤拷锟劫讹拷(ω):rad/s;锟斤拷锟侥硷拷锟劫讹拷:m/s2锟斤拷

注锟斤拷

(1)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷某锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟结供锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴猴拷锟斤拷锟结供锟斤拷還锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴凤拷锟斤拷锟结供锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷始锟終锟絚锟劫度凤拷锟斤拷直锟斤拷指锟斤拷A锟斤拷;

(2)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫圓锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接碉拷锟斤拷锟絯,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节猴拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟斤拷變锟劫度的凤拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟劫度的达拷小,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷w锟侥勶拷锟杰憋拷锟街诧拷變,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶�.

3)锟絝锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

1.锟絖锟斤拷锟秸碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴ｏ拷T2/R3=K(=4π2/GM){R:軌锟斤拷锟诫徑锟斤拷T:锟斤拷锟节ｏ拷K:锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟給锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷取锟絈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷)锟斤拷

2.锟絝锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴ｏ拷F=Gm1m2/r2 (G=6.67×10-11N?m2/kg2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹锟斤拷锟斤拷)

3.锟斤拷锟絯锟较碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫度ｏ拷GMm/R2=mg;g=GM/R2 {R:锟斤拷锟絯锟诫徑(m)锟斤拷M锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(kg)锟斤拷

4.锟絣(w锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟劫讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫度★拷锟斤拷锟节ｏ拷V=(GM/r)1/2;ω=(GM/r3)1/2;T=2π(r3/GM)1/2{M锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

5.锟斤拷一(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫讹拷V1=(g锟斤拷r锟斤拷)1/2=(GM/r锟斤拷)1/2=7.9km/s;V2=11.2km/s;V3=16.7km/s

6.锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟絣(w锟斤拷i)锟斤拷GMm/(r锟斤拷+h)2=m4π2(r锟斤拷+h)/T2{h≈36000km锟斤拷h:锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷母叨龋锟絩锟斤拷:锟斤拷锟斤拷陌霃斤拷锟�

注:

(1)锟斤拷锟絯锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷f锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟结供,F锟斤拷=F锟絝;

(2)锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絝锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴可癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰度碉拷;

(3)锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟絣(w锟斤拷i)锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟节筹拷锟斤拷峡锟�锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节和碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紻(zhu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同;

(4)锟絣(w锟斤拷i)锟斤拷軌锟斤拷锟诫徑變小锟絩,锟斤拷锟斤拷變小锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟劫讹拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷變小(一同锟斤拷锟斤拷);

(5)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絣(w锟斤拷i)锟角碉拷锟斤拷锟絟(hu锟斤拷n)锟紷锟劫度猴拷锟斤拷小锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟劫度撅拷锟斤拷7.9km/s锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟斤拷見锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥合筹拷锟絚锟街斤拷)

(1)锟斤拷見锟斤拷锟斤拷

1.锟斤拷锟斤拷G=mg (锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絈直锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷g=9.8m/s2≈10m/s2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絤锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷娓斤拷锟�)

2.锟斤拷锟剿讹拷锟斤拷F=kx {锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截恢忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷k锟斤拷锟脚讹拷系锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)(N/m)锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟斤拷(m)锟斤拷

3.锟斤拷锟斤拷摩锟斤拷锟斤拷F=μFN {锟絚锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接凤拷锟斤拷锟洁反锟斤拷μ锟斤拷摩锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷F(xi锟斤拷n)N锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(N)锟斤拷

4.锟給摩锟斤拷锟斤拷0≤f锟給≤fm (锟絚锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷趨锟捷凤拷锟斤拷锟洁反锟斤拷fm锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷o摩锟斤拷锟斤拷)

5.锟絝锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷F=Gm1m2/r2 (G=6.67×10-11N?m2/kg2,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹锟斤拷锟斤拷)

6.锟給锟斤拷锟紽=kQ1Q2/r2 (k=9.0×109N?m2/C2,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹锟斤拷锟斤拷)

7.電堬拷锟斤拷F=Eq (E锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)N/C锟斤拷q锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺锟斤拷锟斤拷電猴拷锟杰碉拷電堬拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同)

8.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷F=BILsinθ (θ锟斤拷B锟絚L锟侥夾锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)L⊥B锟絩:F=BIL锟斤拷B//L锟絩:F=0)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)(锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接猴拷锟斤拷)

1.牛锟紻锟斤拷一锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接讹拷锟斤拷(锟絋锟皆讹拷锟斤拷):锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟叫慣锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街勶拷锟斤拷直锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接狅拷B(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟給止?f锟斤拷n)锟紹(t锟斤拷i),直锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟紷锟絅锟斤拷B(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷止

2.牛锟紻锟节讹拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接讹拷锟斤拷:F锟斤拷=ma锟斤拷a=F锟斤拷/ma{锟缴猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絈锟斤拷,锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷}

3.牛锟紻锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接讹拷锟斤拷:F=-F′{負(f锟斤拷)號锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷锟洁反,F锟斤拷F′锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节岋拷锟斤拷,平锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟絜,锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟紿锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷:锟斤拷锟絖锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷}

4.锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷平锟斤拷F锟斤拷=0锟斤拷锟狡廣 {锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街解法锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷

5.锟斤拷锟斤拷:FN>G锟斤拷失锟斤拷:FN

6.牛锟紻锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接讹拷锟缴碉拷锟絤锟矫條锟斤拷:锟絤锟斤拷锟节斤拷Q锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟接嗭拷锟絵,锟絤锟斤拷锟节猴拷锟絕锟斤拷锟絯,锟斤拷锟絤锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫嗭拷锟絵,锟斤拷锟絤锟斤拷锟斤拷微锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷

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2.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟紺锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴彼此�锟�(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟教組锟较讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷些锟絕锟斤拷锟街诧拷锟角癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡約锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷只要锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭碉拷前锟斤拷锟絕锟教碉拷聯(li锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭碉拷锟斤拷Q锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷途锟斤拷锟斤拷

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锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷

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锟竭匡拷锟絩锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)

锟組锟斤拷"锟竭匡拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)"微锟脚癸拷锟斤拷號