锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷薅锟街�锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟侥冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟角非筹拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷聛锟�(l锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟酵匡拷锟斤拷锟剿好的成匡拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷么锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷薅锟斤拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng)該锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)始锟斤拷锟斤拷?锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟睫讹拷知锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷希锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫庯拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷薅锟�---锟絲锟斤拷锟侥伙拷锟斤拷規(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷

1.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟缴ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟皆狅拷膬蓚锟�(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤純锟斤拷锟絪锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟皆狅拷;锟接讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟皆狅拷锟斤拷x锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟皆狅拷锟絚锟絒锟斤拷锟皆狅拷臄锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟饺接斤拷锟斤拷3锟斤拷1锟斤拷

2.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟缴的岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟角ｏ拷锟斤拷锟絪锟斤拷锟接的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷位锟斤拷一锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)同源染色锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟侥�锟�(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿筹拷锟斤拷锟接時(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷位锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(hu锟斤拷)锟絊锟斤拷锟侥凤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟街別锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟诫到锟缴傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絊锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

3.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆狅拷锟斤拷F(xi锟斤拷n)锟侥冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟酵則锟角伙拷锟斤拷锟酵的憋拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷=锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷+锟絟(hu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷

4.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴組锟较讹拷锟缴的岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟角ｏ拷位锟节凤拷同源染色锟絯锟较的非碉拷位锟斤拷锟斤拷姆锟斤拷x锟斤拷M锟斤拷锟角伙拷锟斤拷锟缴擾锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿筹拷锟斤拷锟接碉拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同源染色锟絯锟较的碉拷位锟斤拷锟斤拷舜朔锟斤拷x锟斤拷同锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷同源染色锟絯锟较的非碉拷位锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷山M锟较讹拷锟缴的凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷n锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷位锟斤拷锟斤拷膫锟�(g锟斤拷)锟絯锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2n锟絅锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷薅锟�---锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷殖

1.锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖的結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷殖锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫碉拷染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷原始锟斤拷锟斤拷殖锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥減锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷

2.锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷聯(li锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷同源染色锟絯锟剿此凤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟絝(shu锟斤拷)锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟侥�锟�(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷;同源锟侥兩傦拷(g锟斤拷)染色锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絆锟斤拷锟絊锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷同锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷染色锟絯(锟斤拷同源染色锟絯)锟絞锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴組锟较★拷

3.锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟侥減锟斤拷l(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟轿凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

4.一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷原锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿筹拷锟侥傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟劫斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟絪锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟轿成撅拷锟接★拷

5.一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷原锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟轿筹拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟窖硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

6.锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷殖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(l锟斤拷i)锟絝(shu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖猴拷锟杰撅拷锟斤拷锟矫岋拷(du锟斤拷)锟节維锟斤拷每锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷w锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟侥恒定锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷z锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷十锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷薅锟�---锟斤拷锟斤拷谋锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)

1.DNA锟侥伙拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟角高凤拷锟接伙拷锟斤拷锟斤：锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥伙拷锟斤拷元锟斤拷锟斤拷C锟斤拷H锟斤拷O锟斤拷N锟斤拷P锟斤拷;锟节組锟斤拷DNA锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷位——脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷每锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街組锟缴ｏ拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟桔橈拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥種锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷水锟斤拷酶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆得碉拷锟侥種锟斤拷同锟侥猴拷锟斤拷锟结，锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(A)脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟紹(ni锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟斤拷(G)脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(C)脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(T)脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟組锟斤拷锟侥種脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫擄拷锟斤拷锟斤拷呛锟斤拷锟斤拷岫硷拷锟揭伙拷拥锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥種锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷ATGC;锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥種锟斤拷同锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷位锟斤拷锟桔合讹拷锟缴碉拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

2.DNA锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟轿成兩條锟斤拷锟�(锟斤拷锟斤拷平锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷DNA锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟角硷拷锟斤拷锟缴條锟斤拷锟街�锟絞锟侥橫锟絥锟角堿锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟侥兩傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟紸锟斤拷通锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絀锟紹锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟轿成堿锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷DNA一锟絣锟斤拷系膲A锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟剿ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟戒對(du锟斤拷)原锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絣鏈的堿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭诧拷痛_锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

3.DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆ｏ拷锟劫凤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟皆ｏ拷DNA锟斤拷锟接兩條锟絃(zh锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷系锟矫擄拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷c锟斤拷锟结交锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷锟斤拷锟酵兩條锟街�锟絞锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟戒對(du锟斤拷)锟侥凤拷式锟角凤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥讹拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟接的凤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟皆ｏ拷DNA锟叫的堿锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角ё�?n锟斤拷i)f锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫凤拷式锟斤拷4n(n锟斤拷A锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟侥旓拷(sh锟斤拷)目);锟斤拷锟截�锟斤拷裕锟矫匡拷锟�(g锟斤拷)锟截讹拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟接讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截讹拷锟侥堿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟紷锟絅锟截讹拷锟侥堿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵橈拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷禺锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

4.锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟戒對(du锟斤拷)原锟絫锟节堿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫的戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟矫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟紻NA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟侥兩堿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷鹊锟�锟斤拷占锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟接堿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷50%;锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟紻NA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絣锟斤拷械锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街�锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟街�锟酵的憋拷值锟絚锟戒互锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟侥憋拷值锟斤拷锟介倒锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷);锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟紻NA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷一锟絣锟斤拷械牟锟斤拷锟斤拷a(b锟斤拷)锟侥兩堿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟酵的憋拷值(A+T/G+C)锟絚锟斤拷锟节伙拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟斤拷械谋锟街碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫的憋拷值锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟接的★拷

5.DNA锟侥忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟狡ｏ拷锟劫時(sh锟斤拷)锟节ｏ拷锟叫絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絞锟节和減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟轿凤拷锟窖碉拷锟絞锟斤拷;锟节堬拷(ch锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟桔條锟斤拷锟斤拷a锟斤拷模锟藉：锟紿锟斤拷DNA锟侥兩條母锟�;b锟斤拷原锟较ｏ拷锟侥種脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�;c锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(ATP);d锟斤拷一系锟叫碉拷酶锟斤拷缺锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿猴拷一锟絅锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟狡讹拷锟給(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟教ｏ拷a锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟结供锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节斤拷锟斤拷酶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖兩條扭锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧鏈斤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟教稱(ch锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�;b锟斤拷锟较筹拷锟斤拷鏈ｏ拷然锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆斤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)锟斤拷每锟斤拷锟�(母锟�)锟斤拷模锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷h(hu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟叫碉拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)酶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰ｏ拷锟斤拷锟秸堿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟戒對(du锟斤拷)原锟絫锟较筹拷锟絚母鏈伙拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟絊锟侥斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟教碉拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰合成碉拷锟斤拷鏈诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷L(zh锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷同锟絩(sh锟斤拷)每锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷c锟戒對(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷母鏈伙拷锟斤拷P(p锟斤拷n)锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷c锟斤拷锟轿筹拷锟铰碉拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷邊锟斤拷锟斤拷邊锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟诫保锟斤拷锟�(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟睫結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)DNA锟斤拷锟接忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟轿成兩傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷全锟斤拷同锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷使锟紿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷息锟斤拷锟給锟接达拷锟斤拷锟侥讹拷使前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷B锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟絖锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟狡碉拷原锟斤拷DNA之锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰夛拷锟斤拷锟揭忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷歇?d锟斤拷)锟截碉拷锟絧锟斤拷锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟杰烇拷锟�(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟结供模锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷膲A锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟戒對(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰夛拷使锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟狡滐拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟絖锟給(w锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷

6.DNA锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟狡碉拷計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷規(gu锟斤拷)锟缴ｏ拷每锟轿忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟狡碉拷锟接达拷DNA锟叫革拷锟斤拷一锟絣锟�?zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟紻NA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫的ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟诫被锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)DNA锟斤拷锟接忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷n锟轿則锟轿筹拷2n锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥告湹锟紻NA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿筹拷2锟斤拷2n锟絣脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫擄拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟芥湹锟斤拷锟�2锟絣锟斤拷锟接达拷DNA锟斤拷锟紿锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絆(sh锟斤拷)x锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷母鏈的旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿筹拷锟铰碉拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟结數(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟接达拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟结總锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)2nx锟絧去锟斤拷锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥告湹臄锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷x锟斤拷

7.锟斤拷锟斤拷N锟�(l锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟叫斷：锟斤拷锟饺革拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷T锟給(w锟斤拷)U锟斤拷锟斤拷(l锟斤拷i)锟絖锟斤拷該锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角诧拷锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟紻NA锟斤拷循锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟戒對(du锟斤拷)原锟絫锟斤拷A=T锟斤拷G=C锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紻NA锟斤拷锟斤拷循锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(b锟斤拷)锟戒對(du锟斤拷)原锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷(l锟斤拷i)锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟紻NA還锟角嗭拷锟紻NA锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷薅锟�---染色锟絯變锟斤拷

1.染色锟絯锟組锟侥革拷锟筋及锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴猴拷锟接發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(l锟斤拷i)锟侥傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫猴拷锟叫幾傦拷(g锟斤拷)染色锟絯锟組锟斤拷锟酵叫幾憋拷锟絯;锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷直锟接發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(l锟斤拷i)锟斤拷,锟斤拷锟杰猴拷锟叫幾傦拷(g锟斤拷)染色锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟杰叫單憋拷锟絯锟斤拷

2.染色锟絯锟組锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷锟叫斷：锟劫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟絅锟轿態(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷染色锟絯锟叫幾條锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟酵猴拷锟叫幾傦拷(g锟斤拷)染色锟絯锟組;锟节革拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫斷細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫碉拷染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟酵確锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷每一锟皆狅拷幕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟侥次旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷該锟轿旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟酵碉拷锟斤拷染色锟絯锟組锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷);锟桔革拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷染色锟絯锟轿態(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絖锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷染色锟絯锟組锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)=锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)染色锟絯锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)目/染色锟絯锟轿態(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷薅锟�---锟斤拷锟�(l锟斤拷i)锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷

1.锟叫旓拷锟斤拷蚣胺锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟叫旓拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷還锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷吆芏锟斤拷B锟絤(x锟斤拷)每锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫硷拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷邤锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫ｏ拷只锟斤拷某锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(g锟斤拷)锟絜锟叫伙拷锟竭硷拷锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟給(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫烇拷锟絒锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫旓拷锟角筹拷染色锟絯锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷還锟斤拷X染色锟絯锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆別锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟脚�锟斤拷锟竭旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟介常染色锟絯锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟脚�锟斤拷锟竭的旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟饺硷拷锟斤拷X染色锟絯锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟截別:锟斤拷锟斤拷谢锟斤拷邤锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絟(yu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷女锟斤拷锟竭硷拷锟叫旓拷锟斤拷X染色锟絯锟絒锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷)

2.锟斤拷見(ji锟斤拷n)锟轿伙拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(l锟斤拷i)

锟劫帮拷X染色锟絯锟絒锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷t锟紾色盲锟斤拷血锟窖诧拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟皆硷拷锟絀(y锟斤拷ng)锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟劫肥达拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟叫伙拷锟竭讹拷锟斤拷女锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟叫伙拷锟竭岋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕(gu锟斤拷)女锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷O(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷)

锟节帮拷X染色锟絯锟紷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷S锟斤拷锟斤拷D锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷女锟斤拷锟竭讹拷锟斤拷锟叫伙拷锟斤拷

锟桔筹拷染色锟絯锟紷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街革拷锟斤拷锟街�锟斤拷軟锟角發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷全 锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷B锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟矫诧拷锟斤拷

锟杰筹拷染色锟絯锟絒锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷谆锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷酮锟斤拷Y 锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絜锟斤拷锟叫伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟姐不锟紹锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷染色锟絯锟�(l锟斤拷i)锟酵ｏ拷只锟狡測(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚X锟斤拷Y锟給(w锟斤拷)锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)

3.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷z锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟給(w锟斤拷)锟絏锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟皆革拷血锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

4.染色锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷21锟斤拷锟絯(锟斤拷锟竭讹拷锟斤拷一锟絣21號(h锟斤拷o)染色锟絯)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟結(锟斤拷锟斤拷缺锟斤拷一锟絣X染色锟絯)锟斤拷

5.锟斤拷(y锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟斤拷施锟斤拷锟劫斤拷止锟斤拷锟紿锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(直系血锟紿锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?x锟斤拷n)?n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷系血锟紿锟斤拷止锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷);锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷詢(x锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絯锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(l锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟结倡“锟絤锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷”;锟杰產(ch锟斤拷n)前锟絓锟洁。

锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟铰高匡拷锟結訊锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟竭★拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷志愿锟斤拷锟�(b锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟饺★拷锟�?j锟斤拷n)?sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

锟竭匡拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)

锟組锟斤拷"锟竭匡拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)"微锟脚癸拷锟斤拷號(h锟斤拷o)