锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤常锟斤拷30锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)知锟絉锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟絉锟斤拷 锟斤拷锟紷一篇锟酵夛拷锟斤拷

針岋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷效锟侥學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絣锟斤拷值锟斤拷同锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角撅拷锟角帮拷知锟絉锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟金常匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷烁锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锍ｏ拷锟街�锟絉锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷覅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤常锟斤拷知锟絉锟絚(di锟斤拷n)

1.锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟酵癸拷锟杰的伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷位;锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟叫勶拷植锟斤拷Y(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷位锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷

2.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟节凤拷锟斤拷霞炔锟斤拷锟皆�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�;锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷诨罴�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

3.還原锟斤拷+锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟�(锟接燂拷)→锟絬锟絫色锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷+锟斤拷液→锟絳(l锟斤拷n)色

脂锟斤拷+锟終锟斤拷锟斤拷染液→锟斤拷锟絊色

脂锟斤拷+锟終锟斤拷锟斤拷染液→锟絫色

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)+锟絧锟絪锟斤拷試锟斤拷→锟斤拷色

4. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟接次ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷脫水锟絪锟斤拷→锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟缴兩傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷涌s锟较讹拷锟缴的伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)→锟斤拷锟侥盤锟斤拷锟斤拷锟桔疊(锟缴讹拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷涌s锟较讹拷锟缴碉拷鏈狀化锟斤拷锟斤拷)→锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)

5.锟斤拷锟絀锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)=脫去水锟斤拷锟接旓拷(sh锟斤拷)=锟斤拷锟斤拷锟结數(sh锟斤拷)-锟斤拷鏈旓拷(sh锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)=锟斤拷鏈旓拷(sh锟斤拷)+R锟斤拷锟叫猴拷锟叫的帮拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)

6. 锟斤拷只锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷RNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟絅锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

7. 锟斤拷锟斤拷-锟斤拷碳锟角ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷;锟斤拷碳锟角ｏ拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角和猴拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷-锟斤拷锟斤：锟斤拷锟斤拷;植锟斤：锟斤拷芽锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷-锟斤拷锟斤：锟斤拷原;植锟斤：锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絊锟斤拷

8. 锟斤拷锟斤拷羌锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷源锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷拥锟斤拷锟揭�锟斤拷源锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

9. 锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)模锟斤拷

锟角碉拷锟阶ｏ拷锟絉锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給(h锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷脂锟絧锟斤拷锟接層ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷支锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫擄拷(d锟斤拷n)膜锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷知锟絉锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷) 請锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟介看锟斤拷

10.锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷一锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷透锟絕锟斤拷锟紷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

還原锟角ｏ拷指锟斤拷锟接結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟叫猴拷锟斤拷還原锟皆伙拷锟紽(tu锟斤拷n)(锟斤拷锟絰醛锟斤拷锟斤拷α-碳原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹锟斤拷锟絬锟斤拷锟斤拷酮锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟角ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角★拷锟斤拷芽锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絬锟絫色Cu2O锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷還原锟角ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟絔锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟侥撅拷锟斤拷還原锟皆的伙拷锟紽(tu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷私锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭�原锟斤拷锟斤拷

12.. 锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷通锟絕锟紹透锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟絚失水

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭猴拷锟斤拷<锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷液锟斤拷龋锟斤拷锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷水

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭猴拷锟斤拷>锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷失水

13.植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟絚失水锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷同锟絅類碉拷锟斤拷液(锟斤拷KNO3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液)

锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷+锟斤拷同锟絅锟斤拷锟揭猴拷R锟絲

锟斤拷只锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰→锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液

锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟皆動忥拷(f锟斤拷)原→KNO3锟斤拷液

14.锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥凤拷式

锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷锟接ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴擴(ku锟斤拷)散锟斤拷锟津：高濓拷锟�→锟酵濓拷锟� 锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絛锟絯

锟节協(xi锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟経(ku锟斤拷)散锟斤拷锟津：高濓拷锟�→锟酵濓拷锟� 锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟絛锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)輸锟斤拷锟津：低濓拷锟�→锟竭濓拷锟� 锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絛锟絯

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟教★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 锟斤拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟絛锟絯

15.锟斤拷脂锟絧锟斤拷锟接層旓拷(sh锟斤拷)=锟斤拷锟斤拷膜锟接旓拷(sh锟斤拷)=锟斤拷脂锟斤拷锟接層旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟斤拷

16.酶锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟叫撅拷锟叫催伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷酶锟侥催伙拷锟斤拷锟矫機(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵伙拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟侥活化锟斤拷

17.酶锟侥催伙拷锟斤拷锟矫撅拷锟叫革拷效锟皆和岋拷一锟皆★拷影锟矫革拷锟斤拷缘锟斤拷锟斤拷兀锟斤拷囟群锟絧H

18.ATP锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷拥锟街憋拷锟斤拷锟皆达拷锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)

19.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟紸锟轿讹拷釋凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷ATP锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷ATP锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节撅拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)膜锟较的碉拷锟斤拷锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟节碉拷一锟紸锟斤拷釋凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷ATP锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节分解不锟截底碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷—锟狡撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

20.锟絶锟紾锟絯锟角癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷玫锟斤拷锟揭�锟斤拷锟斤拷

21.锟絶锟紾锟斤拷a锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟斤拷b锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絳(l锟斤拷n)锟较癸拷图t锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟截猴拷锟絶锟絊锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絳(l锟斤拷n)锟较癸拷

锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷還原锟角达拷锟节碉拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰诧拷锟斤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷锟紸液(0.1g/mL锟斤拷NaOH锟斤拷液)锟斤拷B液(0.05g/mL锟斤拷CuSO4锟斤拷液)锟街別锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟矫時(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟狡ｏ拷锟斤拷4-5锟斤拷B液锟斤拷锟斤拷2mLA液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞癸拷锟�锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷還原锟角的伙拷锟紽(tu锟斤拷n)—CHO锟絚Cu(OH)2锟节加燂拷l锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴磚锟絫色锟斤拷Cu2O锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟絧锟絪锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷锟叫碉拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节碉拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紸液(0.1g/mL锟斤拷NaOH锟斤拷液)锟斤拷B液(0.01g/mL锟斤拷CuSO4锟斤拷液)锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟矫時(sh锟斤拷)要锟街別锟斤拷锟诫。锟饺硷拷A液锟斤拷锟斤拷蓧A锟皆的凤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟絟(hu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫硷拷B液锟斤拷锟紷锟接碉拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)(锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟紿锟斤拷锟斤拷指锟絚锟絧锟絪锟斤拷Y(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟狡碉拷锟斤拷锟絀)锟节堿锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟絚Cu2+锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟较紅色锟侥絡(lu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节凤拷水锟叫加燂拷5锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷s锟斤拷锟斤拷{(l锟斤拷n)色锟斤拷

23.锟紷微锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟絚锟斤拷锟紷微锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)

锟紷微锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟节癸拷W(xu锟斤拷)锟紷微锟絉锟斤拷锟杰匡拷锟斤拷锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷一锟斤拷只锟杰放达拷锟绞�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶百憋拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟紷微锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟杰夛拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷@微锟絉锟铰匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷直锟斤拷小锟斤拷0.2μm锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)微锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷

24..一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷原锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷只锟杰產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷1锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟窖硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷原锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰夛拷a(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷4锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

25.锟杰撅拷锟斤拷锟矫的岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟窖硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟洁互锟节猴拷;锟窖硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟酵撅拷锟斤拷锟洁互锟絉锟絜锟侥伙拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟角硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角碉拷锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节合的伙拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟角硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

26.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷停锟�

锟斤拷Y染色锟絯锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷—锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷X染色锟絯锟紷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷—锟紹锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷女锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷X染色锟絯锟絒锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷—锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫讹拷女锟斤拷

27.锟缴撅拷锟絯锟斤拷染锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同位锟截橈拷(bi锟斤拷o)記锟斤拷

28.DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴兩條脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷鏈組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟缴條鏈帮拷锟斤拷锟斤拷平锟叫凤拷式锟絇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)

锟斤拷锟�(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角猴拷锟斤拷锟结交锟斤拷锟紹锟接橈拷(g锟斤拷u)锟缴伙拷锟斤拷锟角硷拷

锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷鏈堿锟斤拷通锟絕锟斤拷锟絀锟紹锟接成的堿锟斤拷锟斤拷

29.DNA锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟狡時(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟叫絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絞锟节和減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟轿凤拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟絞锟斤拷

锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟诫保锟斤拷锟�(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟経(ku锟斤拷)散锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷指锟斤拷锟缴擴(ku锟斤拷)散锟斤拷锟斤拷指水锟斤拷锟接碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟侥凤拷锟接從高濓拷锟斤拷锟酵濓拷鹊锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷\(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷CO2锟斤拷O2锟斤拷H2O锟斤拷膽锟教达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵碉拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟紷锟絅锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷鐚︼拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰碉拷)锟斤拷

锟紹透锟斤拷锟斤拷指水锟斤拷锟接伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰勶拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕锟斤拷透膜锟侥擴(ku锟斤拷)散锟斤拷锟角擴(ku锟斤拷)散锟斤拷一锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿�锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟侥凤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絝锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴擴(ku锟斤拷)散锟斤拷锟街匡拷锟斤拷锟絝锟角滲透锟斤拷锟斤拷CO2锟斤拷O2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟侥擴(ku锟斤拷)散只锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴擴(ku锟斤拷)散锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰稱锟斤拷B透锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟接學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟絚锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷W(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷知锟絉也要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷幕锟斤拷A(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷記锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紸锟轿碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷W(xu锟斤拷)還锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡诧拷一锟接碉拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟节达拷覍W(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絊锟斤拷锟斤拷臄锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絝锟斤拷锟紷些锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟狡碉拷一些锟斤拷锟斤拷思锟絊要锟斤拷同锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷纾猴拷锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟叫碉拷未知锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷) X 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟叫碉拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷约锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷械锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷鹊锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷W(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絝锟斤拷同锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷要思锟斤拷锟侥岋拷锟斤拷思锟絊元锟截卻锟斤拷陌锟斤拷锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅锟叫機(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷蜔o锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟皆硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟絞锟斤拷锟截碉拷邏輯锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵�锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟斤拷記住锟斤拷锟紷些锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟絞(sh锟斤拷)锟絑之锟斤拷锟斤拷锌锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷邏輯規(gu锟斤拷)锟缴ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕“锟斤拷記锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷”锟斤拷

锟斤拷記住锟剿伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟絞(sh锟斤拷)锟絑锟酵革拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷W(xu锟斤拷)規(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟较侊拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟揭�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絅锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷群锟絯之锟絞锟斤拷聯(li锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟斤拷注锟斤拷知锟絉锟絯系锟叫縱锟斤拷蜋M锟斤拷蓚锟�(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷木锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟界：锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟揭傦拷锟斤拷锟街別锟斤拷“锟絯論”锟斤拷“锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷”锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷z锟斤拷锟斤拷變锟斤拷”锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟截凤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟教诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟截凤拷锟斤拷論锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫傦拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷要前锟斤拷聯(li锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷锟斤拷思锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕“瞻前顧猴拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟界：锟节學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟揭傦拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟絊锟洁細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷么锟紷些锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟酵癸拷锟斤拷锟叫何�锟酵�锟斤拷?锟紷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷吮锟斤拷^锟斤拷锟斤拷知锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕“锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�”锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷一些锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟統锟絚(di锟斤拷n)知锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷尾锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)要锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)思锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)W”锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)W锟街別锟角ｏ拷

Who→锟絣锟斤拷什么锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)

What→锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷什么變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷什么

How→锟斤拷锟接發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

When→什么锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟�

Where→锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Y(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟叫發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

Why→锟斤拷什么锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟紷锟接碉拷變锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟铰高匡拷锟結訊锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟竭★拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷志愿锟斤拷锟�(b锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟饺★拷锟�?j锟斤拷n)?sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟竭匡拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)

锟組锟斤拷"锟竭匡拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)"微锟脚癸拷锟斤拷號