時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài),高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專練
2019-01-25 14:37:30三好網(wǎng)
Ⅰ. 單句語(yǔ)法填空
1.(2015·北京,22改編)—Did you enjoy the party?
—Yes,We__were_treated__(treat) well by our hosts.
解析:根據(jù)上下文,這里談的是舉行過(guò)的一次聚會(huì),應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí),并且“我們”是被主人招待的,所以需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:——你喜歡這個(gè)聚會(huì)嗎?——是的,我們的主人很好地招待了我們。
2.(2015·北京,26改編)In the last few years,China__has_made__(make) great achievements in environmental protection.
解析:時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in/over the last few years與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。句意:在過(guò)去的幾年中,中國(guó)在環(huán)境保護(hù)方面取得了巨大成就。
3.(2015·北京,30改編)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
—All right.I__will_call__(call) him later.
解析:據(jù)第一句的時(shí)態(tài)判斷,Dr. Jackson目前不在辦公室,所以打電話是將來(lái)的事。句意:——Dr. Jackson現(xiàn)在不在辦公室。——好的,我待會(huì)再給他打。
4.(2015·天津,6改編)Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she__will_be_teaching__(teach) a class at that time.
解析:根據(jù)題干時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)3 o'clock this afternoon的提示可知,動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間為將來(lái);而句尾的at that time為一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn),因此,該題強(qiáng)調(diào)在將來(lái)的大時(shí)間背景下的某一個(gè)特定時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事,故用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。
5.(2015·天津,9改編)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement__has_been_reached__(reach) so far by the two sides.
解析:本句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far表示“到目前為止”,為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞。reach no agreement短語(yǔ)中no agreement作主語(yǔ),reach要用被動(dòng),故結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài)可知填has been reached。
6.(2015·陜西,22改編)Marty __has_been_working__(work) really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.
解析:由后文提示he'll have finished it by Friday可知,work動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行,故要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。句意:馬蒂一直在非常認(rèn)真地寫書,他認(rèn)為他在周五前將會(huì)完成。
7.(2015·安徽,24改編)Just as I got to the school gate,I realized I __had_left__(leave) my book in the cafe.
解析:“我把書忘在了咖啡館”發(fā)生在“我意識(shí)到這件事”之前,而“我意識(shí)到”是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的一個(gè)動(dòng)作,故“忘記”應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
8.(2015·安徽,29改編)It is reported that a space station __will_be_built__(build) on the moon in years to come.
解析:時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in years to come(在將來(lái)的幾年里),故主語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)用一般將來(lái)時(shí);太空站是被建造,用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
9.(2015·浙江,8改編)Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child,few people guessed that he __would_be__(be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.
解析:主句時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去時(shí),從句動(dòng)作在過(guò)去的時(shí)間上看是將來(lái)的事情,故用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
10.(2015·湖南,22改編)As you go through this book, you __will_find__(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
解析:一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。在一般將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中,有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),若不出現(xiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),要從意思上判斷是否指未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或情況。句意:當(dāng)你通讀這本書的時(shí)候,你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)百萬(wàn)的經(jīng)歷過(guò)二戰(zhàn)的每個(gè)人都有不同的經(jīng)歷。
11.(2015·湖南,28改編)He must have sensed that I __was_looking__(look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”
解析:題干中沒有出現(xiàn)具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),可以從意義上去把握。此句在意義上應(yīng)該用進(jìn)行時(shí),又根據(jù)此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意:他一定感覺到我在看著他。他突然看向我然后輕聲問(wèn)道:“你為什么一直那樣盯著我看?”
12.(2015·湖南,32改編)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy,but__was_held__(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.
解析:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)變化只改變be的形式,過(guò)去分詞部分不變。hold back阻隔,隱瞞。句意:我非常想進(jìn)去玩玩具,但是我幸好被櫥窗阻隔了。根據(jù)句意,此句含有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在里面,hold back要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
13.(2015·四川,4改編)More expressways__will_be_built__(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
解析:根據(jù)題干中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon可知,用將來(lái)時(shí)。expressways與build為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:四川不久將建設(shè)更多的高速公路以促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。
14.(2015·重慶,1改編)—Is Peter coming?
—No,he __changed__(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
解析:句意:——Peter來(lái)嗎?——沒有,剛才接到一個(gè)電話后改變主意了。根據(jù)at the last minute發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
15.(2015·重慶,13改編)In my hometown,there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat __has_been__(be) cut.
解析:表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意:在我的家鄉(xiāng),收麥過(guò)后農(nóng)民會(huì)舉行一個(gè)豐收晚宴。
16.(2015·福建,26改編)To my delight,I __was_chosen__(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
解析:主語(yǔ)I與choose之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系;再由語(yǔ)境可知,choose的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,故要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:令我高興的是,我被從數(shù)百名參與者中選中參加開幕式。
17.(2015·福建,30改編)—Where is Peter?I can't find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and __has_been_writing__(write) his essay there ever since.
解析:由句子中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ever since可知,本句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)或者現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。由語(yǔ)境可知,write動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行,要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。句意:——皮特呢?我到處找不到他。——他早飯后去圖書館了。自那之后就一直在那兒寫文章。
18.(2015·江蘇,30改編)The real reason why prices__were__(be), and still are,too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
解析:根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,prices...still are,too high,推出前一空是想說(shuō)明prices過(guò)去也高。故用過(guò)去式。該題中still是關(guān)鍵。句意:價(jià)格過(guò)去高,現(xiàn)在仍舊太高的原因很復(fù)雜,短暫的討論是不能令人滿意地解釋這個(gè)問(wèn)題的。
19.The young firefighter insisted that he __was__(be) well-prepared and __(should)_be_sent__(send) there to put out the fire.
解析:句意為:那位年輕的消防員堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他準(zhǔn)備好了,并且堅(jiān)持要去那里救火。當(dāng)insist意為“堅(jiān)持說(shuō);堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)用陳述語(yǔ)氣,故第一空填was;當(dāng)insist意為“堅(jiān)持”時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”,又因?yàn)閒irefighter與send之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填(should) be sent。
20.Many parents don't want to face it, but the world today is a lot different than it __was__(be) in their school days.
解析:句意為:(盡管)許多父母不愿意去面對(duì),但今天的世界與他們?cè)趯W(xué)校的歲月已大不相同。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in their school days可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
Ⅱ. 語(yǔ)法填空
在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Dad quit drinking exactly one year before I was born. He joined a group of other people. He said they __1. had_stopped__ (stop) drinking, too. I loved my dad __2. but__ I hated the way his weekly meetings took him away from me. It seemed that they were more important to him than I was. But with my birthday coming up I thought Dad __3. would_make__ (make) an exception. I begged him not to miss it but __4. was_refused__ (refuse). He said, “I am chairing the meeting this Saturday. We __5. will_have__ (have) your party on Sunday. Why not come with me together tonight? It's an open meeting. All __6. are__ (be) welcome.” I agreed. Maybe I needed to see why something Dad did every week mattered so much.
After we arrived, Dad announced __7. the__ theme of the meeting was going to be gratitude. He told his story about giving up smoking. __8. Later__ (late), a man called Dave also told his story. Only then did I know it was Dad that saved his life __9. from__ drinking. Showing up week after week and meeting with people, Dad __10. was_changing__ (change) lives. Shame washed over me.
解析:
1.stop發(fā)生在過(guò)去動(dòng)作said之前,故此處填had stopped。
2.由loved與hated之間的對(duì)比判斷本空填轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。
3.根據(jù)前面的coming up判斷,make是在過(guò)去看來(lái)將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,故填would make。
4.句子的主語(yǔ)是I,與refuse之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填was refused,構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
5.該句是直接引用的,根據(jù)this Saturday判斷,have是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,故填will have。
6.句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),all指代人,故填are。
7.特指本次會(huì)議的主題,故theme前用定冠詞。
8.此處表示“稍后”意義,作狀語(yǔ),故填副詞Later。
9.save...from...“從……拯救……”,是固定搭配。
10.此處表示一個(gè)逐漸變化的過(guò)程,故用進(jìn)行時(shí),所以本空填was changing。
�、�. 單句改錯(cuò)
1....took him to US, where he introduced to the Internet.
答案與解析:introduced前加was he與introduce是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,句子應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故加上was。
2.Today is Sunday. At about 9:00 a.m., I go to the bookstore with my friends.
答案與解析:go→went 由前面提供的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)判斷句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故改為went。
3.Having been seen the film, everyone was deeply moved.
答案與解析:去掉been 句子的主語(yǔ)即為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞see的邏輯主語(yǔ),二者之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故去掉been,成為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。
4.Our city had changed a lot in the last 5 years.
答案與解析:had→has 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the past 5 years可知句子應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
5. Many overpasses have set up, so it has become very convenient for people to travel.
答案與解析:have后加been overpasses與動(dòng)詞set up是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示“被建立”意義,故句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
6.In the past, teachers always keep on explaining the points in class.
答案與解析:keep→kept 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the past判斷句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故改為過(guò)去式kept。
7.The river was so polluted that it was actually caught fire and burned.
答案與解析:去掉第二個(gè)was catch fire沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
8.Nowadays there was a kind of language called Web language.
答案與解析:was→is 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowadays判斷句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
9. Last Friday our school was invited a foreign teacher in our city to give a class to the students of Senior Grade Two.
答案與解析:去掉was 此處表示“我們學(xué)校邀請(qǐng)了……”,our school與invite是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故去掉was,句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
10.Sometimes he repeated what we don't understand.
答案與解析:don't→didn't 根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)判斷從句也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
11.(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.
答案與解析:using→used 句意:每天他都確保用于烹飪的是新鮮的蔬菜和高質(zhì)量的油。此處表示被動(dòng)含義,be used for“被用來(lái)做”。
12.(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside.
答案與解析:had→have 句意:……有些人甚至要在外面等。此處是在介紹現(xiàn)在的情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
13.(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea.
答案與解析:thought→think 句意:……我認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好主意。根據(jù)前句中的suggest可知,本句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
14.(2016·四川)Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mother's Day. We get up early in the morning.
答案與解析:get→got 句意:……我們那天早上起得早。根據(jù)上句中的planned可知,事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
15.(2016·福建福州十三中期中考試)Today I've got wonderful news to tell you. I had been offered a job at a company in England for my good performance.
答案與解析:had→have 句意:我今天有好消息要告訴你,我以良好的表現(xiàn)在英國(guó)一家公司得到了一份工作。根據(jù)句意可知,指目前的結(jié)果用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。