锟斤拷锟斤拷英锟絑锟絑锟斤拷锟絯锟絳锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷英锟絑锟絑锟斤拷锟芥及锟斤拷英锟絑锟絵锟酵的革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥诧拷锟斤拷锟桔碉拷锟絰锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷失锟街囷拷(y锟斤拷n)锟截碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟絖英锟絑锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟接�锟絑锟絑锟斤拷锟絯锟絳锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟紿锟斤拷锟斤拷覅锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

I.要锟絚

锟斤拷"锟斤拷锟絑+锟絕锟絑"锟紷锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷械木锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶�?y锟斤拷u)?quot;锟絕锟絑(锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷)+锟斤拷锟絑"锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角碉拷锟絙锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷

1锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙

(1)there be 锟斤拷锟斤拷

There is going to be a meeting.

There is a book on the table.

(2)here, there, now, then, in, out锟饺革拷锟絶锟斤拷锟节撅拷锟阶時锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟絙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Z锟斤拷锟剿稱锟斤拷锟絶锟絩锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟絑锟津不碉拷锟絙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

Here comes the bus.

Here he comes.

(3)直锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟侥诧拷锟街伙拷全锟斤拷位锟节撅拷锟阶時锟斤拷锟叫時也锟矫碉拷锟絙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

"What he said meant nothing", said the teacher.

(4)锟介保锟街撅拷锟斤拷平锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷Z锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥緊锟斤拷銜接時锟斤拷锟饺�锟斤拷锟絙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷In front of the house sat a small boy.

2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街碉拷锟絙

(1)so, neither, nor锟斤拷锟节撅拷锟斤拷锟絝锟斤拷锟絚前锟斤拷锟斤拷r一锟铰時锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

I like swimming, so does my brother.

(2)only +锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟节撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

Only through this method can we win.

Only in this way can we do the work well.

(3)锟斤拷锟叫凤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟节撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Hardly, scarcely, not, seldom, no sooner, never, little, at no time, in no way, no more锟饺ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

Never had I heard that.

Little did I know about this.

(4)锟斤拷often, so +锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟絶锟絖锟絕锟侥撅拷锟接ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

So heavy is the box that he cannot carry it.

(5)锟斤拷锟斤拷省锟斤拷if锟斤拷虛锟組锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟斤拷had, were, should锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

Were I you, I wouldn't do that.

Had he come, we would have won.

(6)锟斤拷锟斤拷某些锟斤拷示祝愿锟侥撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟界，

May you be happy for ever.

I.要锟絚

锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟侥撅拷锟节撅拷锟叫的句法锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥撅拷煞譃锟斤拷锟斤拷~锟皆從句、锟斤拷锟絑锟侥撅拷蜖锟斤拷Z锟侥撅拷锟斤拷

1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟皆從撅拷

(1)锟斤拷锟絑锟侥撅拷

What he wants is a piece of paper.

It is believed that he can solve the problem.

注锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟侥撅拷锟斤拷^锟絑锟斤拷锟絶锟矫單旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

(2)锟絜锟絑锟侥撅拷

I don't know how to solve the problem.

Do you know where he lives?

(3)锟斤拷锟絑锟侥撅拷

The problem is who can help me.

This is why I came here.

(4)同位锟絑锟侥撅拷

I have no idea where he went.

I heard the news that he would come.

同位锟絑锟侥撅拷锟斤拷that锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷fact, idea, news, promise, thought, message, hope, belief, doubt锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷that锟节從撅拷锟叫诧拷锟斤拷锟轿何成凤拷锟斤拷

2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟侥撅拷

锟节忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟较撅拷锟叫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟侥骋伙拷锟斤拷~锟斤拷锟斤拷~锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥從撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Z锟侥句，锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟絑锟侥撅拷锟斤拷P(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷who, whom, whose, which, that, as,锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷锟絶when, where, why锟斤拷

(1)that指锟斤拷r一锟斤拷锟斤拷cwhich锟斤拷锟絈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷r锟铰ｏ拷要锟斤拷that锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷which锟斤拷

a. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷all, everything锟饺诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟絩锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

Everything (that) he did is wrong.

b. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷all, every, no, some, any, little, much锟斤拷锟斤拷飾時锟斤拷锟界，

I'll read all the books (that) you lend me.

c. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷呒锟斤拷锟斤棔r锟斤拷

This is the first letter (that) the boy has written.

d. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷the only, the very, the same, the last锟斤拷飾時锟斤拷锟斤拷

He is the very man (that) I'm looking for.

e. 只锟斤拷which锟斤拷锟斤拷r

锟节斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷诜锟斤拷薅锟斤拷远锟斤拷Z锟侥撅拷锟斤拷

This is the book about which we have talked a lot.

The book, which he gave me yesterday, is very interesting.

f. where锟斤拷when锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷锟絶

This is the room where I worked.

This is the room which I stayed in.

I remembered the day when we lived there.

I remembered the day that I spent there.

g. as锟斤拷which

as 锟斤拷锟皆凤拷锟节撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷which 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

As you know, he is good at English.

three of them 锟斤拷three of which

I have a lot of books, three of which are in Russian.

I have a lot of books and three of them are in Russian.

3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟侥撅拷

锟节忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟较撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Z锟斤拷锟矫的從撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Z锟侥撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟侥撅拷煞譃锟絩锟絞锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷Z锟斤拷目锟侥狅拷锟絑锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟叫為方式锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷讓锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟饺讹拷N锟斤拷

I.要锟絚

锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑支锟斤拷锟斤拷須猴拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟剿稱锟酵旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟较憋拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕一锟铰帮拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷一锟铰和就斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷

1锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷

(1)锟斤拷锟皆單旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷~锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷木锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Z锟絩锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶要锟矫單旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟�(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絩锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟矫忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

To work hard is necessary for a student.

(2)锟斤拷锟斤拷and锟斤拷both……and锟紹锟接的诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶锟矫忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

Both he and I are right.

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟街革拷锟斤拷锟酵�一锟斤拷锟斤拷同一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵�一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶锟矫單旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷, His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.

(3)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟角單旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絩锟斤拷锟組锟杰猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘s well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like锟饺ｏ拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟矫單旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

The teacher as well as his students is excited.

(4)锟斤拷某些锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶要锟矫單旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷:Everyone has a book.

(5)锟斤拷一些只锟叫忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷people, cattle, clothes锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟絩锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶要锟矫忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟界，A lot of people are dancing outside.

2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷一锟斤拷

(1)锟斤拷锟斤拷r锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟絩锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷鹊锟斤拷锟斤拷~锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟絩锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶通锟斤拷锟矫單旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

Twenty years is not a long time.

(2)锟斤拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟絈锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶public, police, cattle, clothes锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟絩锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶锟矫忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟界，

People are talking about the accident.

(3)锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟斤拷family, team锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶锟矫單旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷指锟斤拷锟斤拷每锟斤拷锟缴員锟斤拷锟絫锟矫忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

My family is a big one.

My family are watching TV.

3锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟紹锟絶or, either……or, neither……nor, whether……or, not only…but also,锟斤拷锟紹锟接的诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷菃螖锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟角忥拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絫锟絕锟絑锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷锟酵斤拷一锟斤拷原锟絫锟斤拷锟絚锟筋靠锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絑一锟铰ｏ拷锟界，

Either you or I am mad.

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟竭匡拷英锟絑锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟铰高匡拷锟結訊锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟竭★拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷志愿锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟饺★拷锟�?j锟斤拷n)?sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟竭匡拷锟絩锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟絚

锟組锟斤拷"锟竭匡拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)"微锟脚癸拷锟斤拷號