锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街�锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟絯锟絳一

锟斤拷锟斤拷1.使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷效锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?q锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟侥诧拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絀锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟较傦拷锟絝效锟斤拷锟斤拷10%—20%

锟斤拷锟斤拷3.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟絝锟絧

锟斤拷锟斤拷4.锟斤拷锟絇H5.0—6.0锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷PH6.5—7.5锟脚撅拷锟斤拷PH7.5—8.5

锟斤拷锟斤拷5.锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絛锟絯使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷食锟斤拷锟�?zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷6.锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷循锟絟(hu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷循锟絟(hu锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷7.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷染锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰夛拷通锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟街斤拷微锟斤拷锟斤拷纸锟�锟斤拷锟杰匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷染

锟斤拷锟斤拷8.锟斤拷锟紹(t锟斤拷i)系锟統(t锟斤拷ng)锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(t锟斤拷i)系锟統(t锟斤拷ng)锟侥成凤拷+食锟斤拷锟�?zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷9.锟杰帮拷锟斤拷锟接的成凤拷锟斤拷锟角碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰氾拷锟斤拷锟斤拷1—6锟斤拷锟侥凤拷锟接傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷原锟剿硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节ｏ拷锟侥撅拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷10.锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷皮锟絯锟斤拷锟侥わ拷锟窖�液锟叫碉拷某些锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫达拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷使锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷釋放組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷11.锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟教讹拷锟斤拷太锟斤拷芸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆撌筹拷锟芥湹目锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷12.效锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)B锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷13.锟饺發(f锟斤拷)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟劫匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟节革拷锟終锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷14.水锟絒锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷液锟斤拷雀锟斤拷锟窖�液

锟斤拷锟斤拷15.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫機(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟叫機(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷16.锟角凤拷锟斤拷要锟紻(zhu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角匡拷锟斤拷锟絯锟借不锟斤拷要

锟斤拷锟斤拷17.锟絳(l锟斤拷n)锟藉：原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤，锟給锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭狅拷锟斤拷锟絯锟较筹拷锟絯锟絊锟截碉拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷tRNA锟斤拷CHONPS

锟斤拷锟斤拷18.锟斤拷锟斤導(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟角單匡拷隆锟斤拷锟絯锟角碉拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷19.锟杰帮拷锟斤拷锟接ｏ拷锟阶硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷20.原锟絚锟竭碉拷锟轿筹拷锟絚锟斤拷锟竭的凤拷锟窖和分伙拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷21.锟杰撅拷锟斤拷—锟斤拷锟斤拷—锟斤拷锟斤拷—原锟絚锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷22.锟竭度分伙拷锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟姐不锟斤拷殖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟界：锟絀锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥ｏ拷锟缴硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿成層硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥ｏ拷锟絫锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟結锟杰硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷(锟給锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷23.锟絲锟統锟斤拷锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)記锟侥帮拷锟斤拷锟结，一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟侥地凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节猴拷锟斤拷锟絯處锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷24.锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷玫募锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤不一锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤拷(锟斤拷锟界：锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紾锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絳(l锟斤拷n)锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷25.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷突變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵的革拷變一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷馨l(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖時(sh锟斤拷)(锟襟交叉互锟絈锟节減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟轿凤拷锟窖時(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷锟缴組锟斤拷)
 

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街�锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟絯锟絳锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截組只锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节減锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟教和伙拷锟津工筹拷锟叫ｏ拷(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟饺诧拷锟杰伙拷锟斤拷锟截組锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷2.锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷z锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA,锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷RNA,锟斤拷5锟絅锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷8锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟结。

锟斤拷锟斤拷3.锟絧锟絪锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰檢锟統锟斤拷锟斤拷酶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)榈帮拷锟矫革拷锟斤拷锟揭诧拷堑锟斤拷锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷4.锟斤拷血锟角癥锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷血锟角癥锟斤拷液锟叫诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟�(y锟斤拷n)血锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷z锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷?y锟斤拷n)锟窖�液锟角紅色锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷5.锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷皮锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟叫絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷B锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟窖的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷6.锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷隆锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷值锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷7.锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟藉不锟斤拷锟节筹拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖猴拷锟斤拷锟缴高狅拷锟斤拷锟絯锟轿筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷宀伙拷羌锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷8.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絯液锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷CO2锟教硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫橈拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷w液锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷9.注锟斤拷血锟斤拷锟轿�锟斤拷锟斤拷卟锟斤拷锟斤拷诙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷(锟斤拷原锟斤拷記锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷血锟斤拷锟叫的匡拷锟絯锟角讹拷N锟斤拷锟絯锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷10.锟教硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(hu锟斤拷)锟秸縮锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟巾毥锟�(j锟斤拷ng)锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥凤拷锟戒弧锟斤拷锟叫旓拷锟絛锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷突锟絴锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷11.锟絝锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絛锟絕锟斤拷锟絝锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絝锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絝锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)元锟轿蛔冿拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷圆锟阶�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆诧拷锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷效锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷12.DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟叫碉拷“锟斤拷要”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷每锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟斤拷一锟絅锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紻NA.RNA也锟斤拷锟角达拷要锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷針岋拷“锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆的ｏ拷只锟斤拷锟劫旓拷(sh锟斤拷)RNA锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷RNA.

锟斤拷锟斤拷13.锟絒锟皆伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷r锟斤拷锟皆狅拷锟杰憋拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷……1.锟轿憋拷锟絯锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷3.位锟斤拷Y染色锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷14.染色锟絯锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷染色锟絯锟組锟酵诧拷锟斤拷锟节伙拷锟斤拷M锟斤拷染色锟絯锟組锟斤拷一锟組锟斤拷同元染色锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷類烇拷2锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)染色锟絯锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷w锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷22+X+Y,锟斤拷染色锟絯锟組锟酵烇拷44+XX锟斤拷XY.

锟斤拷锟斤拷15.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷陳达拷锟絰锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷之锟斤拷锟矫活細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷u锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷16.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷W(xu锟斤拷)锟叫的戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫伙拷锟津工筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絛锟絯锟斤拷锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絋锟节合勶拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭學(xu锟斤拷)锟较匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紸(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷17.锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷注锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(xi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(1)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷≠锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟紷锟斤拷突變锟斤拷锟絒锟斤拷突變锟斤拷(3)锟斤拷锟铰伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷思路(Aa锟皆斤拷→1AA:2Aa:1aa,锟斤拷锟斤拷aa锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫1/3AA+2/3Aa=1)(4)锟皆斤拷≠锟斤拷锟缴斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴斤拷锟斤拷锟矫伙拷锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷去锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截別锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟姐豆锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷越锟斤拷锟�(5)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵的曪拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式要锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟界常染色锟絯锟较伙拷锟斤拷?q锟斤拷)锟角帮拷锟絏Y一锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷示锟斤拷(6)一锟斤拷锟絪锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷通锟斤拷锟絰同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絒锟皆ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷(7)锟絲锟斤拷锟紻锟斤拷臅锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟揭�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵ｏ拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷×锟斤拷↓锟斤拷P,F锟饺凤拷號(h锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟紻锟斤拷^(q锟斤拷)锟絜锟絲锟斤拷系锟絍锟紻锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絝锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截別注锟斤拷锟斤拷號(h锟斤拷o)锟叫碉拷锟絝锟斤拷锟斤拷(8)F2锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)3锟斤拷1(Aa锟皆斤拷)锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)1锟斤拷1(锟統锟斤拷Aa×aa)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)9锟斤拷3锟斤拷3锟斤拷1(AaBb锟皆斤拷)锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)1锟斤拷1锟斤拷1锟斤拷1(AaBb×aabb锟統锟斤拷锟斤拷Aabb×aaBb锟絪锟斤拷)锟斤拷(9)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟紺锟斤拷锟斤拷位锟斤拷一锟斤拷同源染色锟絯锟较滿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟斤拷位锟节兩岋拷同源染色锟絯锟较滿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷山M锟较讹拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆斤拷锟斤拷y锟斤拷锟斤拷(植锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟矫測锟斤拷)(10)锟接达拷锟叫达拷锟桔憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟斤拷位锟斤拷X染色锟絯锟斤拷;锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)2锟斤拷1锟斤拷6锟斤拷3锟斤拷2锟斤拷1锟絫通锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷效锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng);锟接达拷锟叫达拷锟斤拷锟皆狅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷位锟节筹拷染色锟絯锟较★拷(11)F2锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)1锟斤拷2锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟紷锟斤拷)锟斤拷9锟斤拷7锟斤拷15锟斤拷1锟斤拷12锟斤拷3锟斤拷1锟斤拷9锟斤拷6;1(锟斤拷锟酵烇拷16)锟斤拷锟斤拷9锟斤拷3锟斤拷3锟斤拷1锟斤拷變锟斤拷(AaBb锟斤拷锟皆斤拷锟津互斤拷)锟斤拷(12)锟斤拷锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫凤拷殖(锟轿憋拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絅锟斤拷植锟斤拷M锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng))锟斤拷锟筋簡锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟皆斤拷)锟斤拷(13)锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺發(f锟斤拷)锟侥種锟接伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(未锟斤拷锟矫的诧拷位锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷詾锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯);锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟截碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫絲锟斤拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡硷拷锟絅锟絯锟斤拷锟轿筹拷;锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅锟絯锟斤拷锟轿成ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟給效锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷A锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤激锟截★拷(14)锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷21-锟斤拷锟絯锟紺锟较癥锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷18.平锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟矫筹拷見锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絜锟街歸锟絳锟斤拷液(锟絶)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)(锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟�(锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i))锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟�)锟斤拷锟統(锟斤拷(c锟斤拷))锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(佶)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絭(锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)(锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷19.锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟较的碉拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟角碉拷锟斤拷(锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷MHC锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絛锟絯锟斤拷锟阶ｏ拷水通锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶碉拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷20.锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟叫絲锟斤拷锟窖憋拷锟絕锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟轿凤拷锟斤拷同源染色锟絯锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟节讹拷锟轿凤拷锟窖猴拷锟叫絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫伙拷锟斤拷锟截組锟斤拷锟叫絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫無锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截組锟斤拷锟叫絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絕锟斤拷锟叫讹拷锟斤拷同源染色锟絯锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷聯(li锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥凤拷锟絯锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟絜锟紻锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷針岋拷锟斤拷锟角讹拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷21.锟絔锟叫硷拷锟絅锟絲锟侥狅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟斤拷也锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅锟絲锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷染色锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟街碉拷锟缴極锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷22.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节高度分伙拷锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟襟、無锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷23.锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷袛锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)锟紻锟斤拷锟斤拷“負(f锟斤拷)值”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷“锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟統锟斤拷”锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷24.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷o锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷碳锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆咃拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵無锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤拷o锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷a(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟狡撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷碳(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷膲K锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷说膲K锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷25.植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷(锟杰撅拷锟窖★拷2~8锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷殖锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷)也锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷;通锟斤拷锟絭锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟剿撅拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷隆锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷胎锟缴硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷26.锟斤拷锟斤拷探針匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷DNA锟絧鏈★拷锟斤拷鏈伙拷RNA锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷探針的猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷知锟斤拷(锟斤拷y某锟斤拷锟角凤拷鐮碉拷锟斤拷貧血锟結)锟斤拷锟絫探锟斤拷欠锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵�位锟截橈拷(bi锟斤拷o)記锟斤拷晒锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)記锟斤拷鐮碉拷锟斤拷貧血锟結锟斤拷锟竭碉拷DNA锟斤拷锟斤拷探針★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷27.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟介抗原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫讹拷N锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷某锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷目锟斤拷w锟叫讹拷N锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絅锟斤拷原(锟斤拷锟叫讹拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷a(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截�锟斤拷钥锟斤拷w锟叫讹拷N(一锟絅锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟接岋拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)一锟絅锟截�锟斤拷钥锟斤拷w)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷28.每一锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絳锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷只锟杰產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷一锟絅锟截�锟斤拷钥锟斤拷w锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷B锟杰巴硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷目锟皆�-MHC锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絊锟斤拷N锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷血锟斤拷锟叫的匡拷锟絯锟角讹拷N锟斤拷锟絯锟侥伙拷锟斤拷铩�

锟斤拷锟斤拷29.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟斤拷锟斤拷霉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥環(hu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷)只锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟斤拷锟狡硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿筹拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰岋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷30.锟紻(zhu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚原锟斤拷N锟斤拷锟斤拷同一锟斤拷N锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷N锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷蚬こ虒锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟角伙拷锟斤拷锟截組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟津工程為定锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷31.锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)記锟斤拷锟斤拷(通锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟皆伙拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角ｏ拷锟斤拷锟节檢锟統锟截組锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟角否被岋拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷(锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(锟接匡拷锟斤拷锟截碉拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角ｏ拷锟結锟絰锟角凤拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷目锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷w锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟结槍锟斤拷牟锟斤拷锟侥匡拷幕锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷汰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫匡拷锟皆的沒锟叫岋拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷目锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷w锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷32.锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷N锟叫旓拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫沒锟斤拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷殖锟斤拷锟絰;锟叫旓拷锟角凤拷锟酵�一锟斤拷N锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰凤拷锟斤拷晒锟斤拷锟斤拷a(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷33.锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节合硷拷锟絞(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷途锟斤拷锟狡傦拷慰锟铰★拷锟斤拷w锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紹(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷34.微锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷支原锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟桔匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷微小锟斤拷锟斤。

锟斤拷锟斤拷35.锟絳锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷唯一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟絜锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉(sh锟斤拷)锟絜锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截�锟斤拷锟斤拷R(sh锟斤拷)锟絜锟斤拷原锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷36.0锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷散锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷散锟结不锟斤拷锟斤拷傻摹锟�

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锟斤拷锟斤拷38.锟斤拷锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟街诧拷锟斤拷V(锟节猴拷锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)膜锟较★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟叫分诧拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷

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锟組锟斤拷"锟竭匡拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)"微锟脚癸拷锟斤拷號(h锟斤拷o)