锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟节碉拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷4锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絗锟絕(q锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷NH2锟斤拷—NH3锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷COOH锟斤拷也锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絀锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷CO—NH锟斤拷CONH锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟斤拷某锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷膫锟�(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絀锟斤拷锟剿伙拷锟斤拷锟斤應(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)脫水锟絪锟较的帮拷锟斤拷锟结個(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)一锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥猴拷锟斤拷锟絯锟较產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟侥讹拷锟斤拷鏈匡拷锟皆叫讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰稱锟介蛋锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟竭滐拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)變锟皆碉拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡夛拷锟剿帮拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絀锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡夛拷锟斤拷锟斤拷鏈盤锟斤拷锟桔疊锟轿成的匡拷锟絞锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟节猴拷锟斤拷锟�4锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絗锟絕(q锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟斤拷要锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷械锟斤拷黔h(hu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷5锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)碳原锟接組锟缴碉拷锟斤拷锟戒實(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)碳原锟接猴拷1锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷原锟接組锟缴碉拷锟斤拷5號(h锟斤拷o)碳锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角環(hu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟斤拷要锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷A锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟侥猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷也锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(A)脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(A)锟斤拷锟角猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角诧拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)锟斤拷要锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷DNA锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟斤拷鏈狅拷锟斤拷DNA锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟叫冿拷類ｏ拷鏈狅拷铜h(hu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟斤拷要锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟絛锟絯只锟斤拷染色锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯也锟斤拷DNA锟斤拷锟絛锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷類猴拷脂锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷6锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟斤拷要锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫氾拷锟斤拷锟饺讹拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷C5H10O4(脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷也锟斤拷要锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟教�?x锟斤拷)锟饺�?锟斤拷1锟侥讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷CH2O(锟斤拷醛)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟斤拷要锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街伙拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭�锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟侥橈拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟組锟斤拷锟角碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫憋拷锟給(h锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷息锟斤拷锟絝锟饺癸拷锟杰★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)锟斤拷要锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷類的合成沒(m锟斤拷i)锟叫岋拷锟絋锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟叫合成的★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷锟角讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷源锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷脫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絊锟截等诧拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街解供锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(5)脂锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟侥冿拷(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷膜锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟斤拷脂锟斤拷膽锟教达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚膜锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟侥組锟缴★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(6)脂锟斤拷≠脂锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷脂锟斤拷只锟斤拷脂锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟絅锟斤拷脂锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷脂锟斤拷锟解，還锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷脂锟酵固达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷6锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟紻示锟斤拷锟角碉拷锟阶的讹拷锟角傦拷(c锟斤拷)锟�?zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷袛锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥わ拷?n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角傦拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷诘锟揭伙拷锟�(c锟斤拷)锟介細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟�(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟介細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟斤拷同锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟侥成分種锟斤拷锟酵�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組锟街的猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅膜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絚脂锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟侥憋拷锟斤拷同膜锟侥癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷越锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟絪锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟戒蛋锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絅類和旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷越锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)通锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟脚筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角廢锟斤，锟界抗锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截等★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟組锟缴成分诧拷锟角固讹拷锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴凤拷锟斤拷占锟侥憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷偷牟锟酵�锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(5)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟叫分诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角撅拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟斤拷脂锟絧锟斤拷锟接層兩傦拷(c锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫碉拷嵌锟斤拷锟斤拷脂锟絧锟斤拷锟接岋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫的則貫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷脂锟絧锟接層★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(6)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟角撅拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟角撅拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷透锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟缴結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟絈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜失去锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷也锟斤拷失去锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷透锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟阶碉拷5锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)“锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟絀锟絶”锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟阶從合成碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯→锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)→锟竭狅拷锟斤拷锟絯→锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟絚锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟阶的合成和凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟侥結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟叫猴拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟竭狅拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)锟絚锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟阶的合成和凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟侥撅拷膜锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟�(n锟斤拷i)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟竭狅拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟絚锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟阶的合成和凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷w锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟竭狅拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(5)锟絚锟斤拷锟节碉拷锟阶的合成和凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟侥撅拷膜锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(n锟斤拷i)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟竭狅拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟节勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔(m锟斤拷i)锟叫硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟角勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟节勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔(m锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟角勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤拷母锟斤拷锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟絔(m锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟絶锟紾锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)锟节勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟叫达拷液锟捷的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔(m锟斤拷i)锟叫达拷液锟捷的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟角勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤拷未锟斤拷锟斤拷募锟�(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷也锟絔(m锟斤拷i)锟叫达拷液锟捷ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟节勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟酵碉拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔(m锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟侥硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟角高碉拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟竭等勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟酵高碉拷植锟斤細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟絓(y锟斤拷n)輸?sh锟斤拷)?锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)

锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟紹透系锟統(t锟斤拷ng)锟絤锟斤拷锟节憋拷锟絕锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷透锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷透膜锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷鹊拇锟叫★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟杰斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟絓(y锟斤拷n)輸锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟诫細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟节凤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟皆勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)原锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫碉拷锟桔等诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟侥达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(l锟斤拷i)锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫滲透锟斤拷锟矫岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟斤拷透膜锟角無(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥ｏ拷锟斤拷指某些锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷透锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷一些锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷透锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟侥讹拷锟斤拷员锟侥�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟角凤拷锟斤拷通锟絕(gu锟斤拷)取锟絈锟节凤拷锟接的达拷小锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)锟絰锟斤拷透锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷膜锟斤拷膜锟斤拷锟絛锟絯锟侥达拷锟节決锟斤拷锟剿硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸★拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷透锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟皆嗭拷失锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷膜锟絓(y锟斤拷n)輸锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟叫斷：一锟斤拷锟角凤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷ATP锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟絓(y锟斤拷n)輸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟捷讹拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)輸锟斤拷锟侥低濓拷鹊锟斤拷邼锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)輸锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟絓(y锟斤拷n)輸锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角凤拷锟斤拷賴锟絛锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟絛锟絯锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴擴(ku锟斤拷)散锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚酶锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷5锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絗锟絕(q锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷“酶锟侥憋拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟角碉拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)”锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟紿锟较絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(sh锟斤拷)酶锟角碉拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟劫旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷RNA锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较成碉拷原锟斤拷锟叫帮拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角猴拷锟斤拷锟结，锟较成的堬拷(ch锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟叫猴拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟叫凤拷锟节癸拷锟杰的硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷酶”锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟紿锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角活細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷酶锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷“酶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絳(di锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟竭伙拷锟饺讹拷N锟斤拷锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟紿锟斤拷酶锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷呋锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷只锟斤拷呋锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷“只锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷呋锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�”锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟紿锟斤拷酶锟饺匡拷锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟节硷拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷l(f锟斤拷)锟絔锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(5)锟絗锟絁(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷“锟酵滐拷锟斤拷锟斤拷酶锟斤拷變锟斤拷失锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟紿锟较低滐拷影锟矫革拷幕锟斤拷裕锟斤拷锟斤拷茐锟矫革拷慕Y(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭滐拷锟斤拷使酶失锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫斷細(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷6锟絅锟絆(sh锟斤拷)锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟斤拷式

锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟斤拷锟斤拷O2→锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟角凤拷同锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟剿無(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟斤拷H2O锟斤拷锟斤拷→锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟角凤拷同锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟剿無(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)锟給(w锟斤拷)CO2锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷→锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷臒o(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟斤拷CO2锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷CO2锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷=O2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷→锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷CO2锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷>O2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷→锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟給(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟斤拷CO2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷O2→锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟狡撅拷锟侥無(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(5)锟叫酒撅拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡撅拷锟斤拷=CO2锟斤拷→只锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫無(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡撅拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷CO2锟斤拷→锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫無(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺O2锟斤拷(l锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷(6)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷a(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟结不锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷CO2→只锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟給(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺O2→锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟給(w锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絔锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟铰高匡拷锟結訊锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟戒、志愿锟斤拷锟�(b锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟饺★拷锟�?j锟斤拷n)?sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟竭匡拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟絚(di锟斤拷n)

锟組锟斤拷"锟竭匡拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)"微锟脚癸拷锟斤拷號(h锟斤拷o)