情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣,高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題練習(xí)
2019-01-25 14:38:40三好網(wǎng)
�、�. 單句語(yǔ)法填空
1.The only thing that I__could__do was that I wished her a long life.
解析:句意:我唯一能做的事情是希望她能長(zhǎng)壽。所填詞表示能力,此處要表達(dá)我唯一“能”做的,而且根據(jù)wished判斷句子應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以填could。
2.Since you have such good preparations, there__should__not be any problem about passing the coming job interview.
解析:句意:既然你準(zhǔn)備得很充分,通過(guò)即將到來(lái)的工作面試應(yīng)該沒問題。根據(jù)since提供的原因“準(zhǔn)備充分”可以判斷出,此處表示“按理說(shuō)應(yīng)該發(fā)生”的,故本空填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should。
3.It has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.
解析:句意:為防止學(xué)生感染流感病毒,學(xué)生們?cè)谶M(jìn)校前要戴上口罩,這一點(diǎn)大家都已接受。在第三人稱作主語(yǔ)的陳述句中,表示規(guī)定、規(guī)則,用shall。
4.Now I__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.
解析:句意:如果你愿意的話,現(xiàn)在我想讓你看一些照片。I would like to do...是固定句式,意為“我想做……”。
5.Anyone__can__be in a rough life time,whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”.
解析:句意:任何人都會(huì)有困難的時(shí)候,無(wú)論他是“白富美”還是“高富帥”。此處是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于陳述句中,表示“一時(shí)的情況”,故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。
6.(2014·福建,32)__Were__(be) there no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
解析:句意:如果沒有現(xiàn)代通信手段,我們需要等待數(shù)周才能獲得來(lái)自世界各地的新聞。由句意和主句中的“would+動(dòng)詞原形”可知,逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的從句,應(yīng)為if there were...。此處條件句中的if省略,把were提到主語(yǔ)前,故填Were。
7.(2014·陜西)We would rather our daughter__stayed__(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
解析:句意:我們寧愿讓女兒和我們一起待在家里,可那是她的選擇,而且她也不再是個(gè)孩子了。would rather后的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)相反的事實(shí)。
8.(2014·重慶,13)It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__had_done__(do) it?
解析:句意:是約翰打破了窗戶。你為什么以好像是我打破了的語(yǔ)氣對(duì)我說(shuō)話?as if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式相同。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,填had done。
9.(2016·石家莊二模)—What a slow bus this is!
—Yes, we__may/might__just as well walk.
解析:may/might as well不妨……。
10.(2014·四川,6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.
解析:句意:我仍然記得我的幸福童年,那時(shí)我母親總會(huì)在周末帶我去迪士尼樂園。would表示過(guò)去的一種習(xí)慣。
�、�. 語(yǔ)法填空
在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1. which__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become“the world's first harm”.
Two months ago, after __2. drinking__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3. heavily__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.
__6. Had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7. hadn't_died__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8. families__(family) were destroyed.
I wish more people __9. could__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10. to_drink__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!
解析:
1.thing后是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),故填which。
2.a(chǎn)fter在此是介詞,后跟動(dòng)名詞。
3.修飾was drunk用副詞。
4.由didn't notice判斷,該空所用詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折,故填but。
5.特指上文提到的lady,故填定冠詞。
6.根據(jù)主句中的would not have happened判斷,逗號(hào)前面是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件句,句子的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用had done形式;但是因?yàn)槭÷粤薸f,所以要把had提前到句首,由此可判斷出該空填Had。
7.if引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句子,故應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí),填hadn't died。
8.集體名詞family在此是被看作整體,此處指“兩個(gè)家庭”,應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式families。
9.wish后的從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,此處表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況,所以填could。
10.refuse后用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ),refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。
�、�.單句改錯(cuò)
1.(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
答案與解析:can→should或去掉can 句意:一些同學(xué)建議我們?nèi)ジ浇拿麆俟袍E。suggest作動(dòng)詞,表示“建議”時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”,故此處可把can改為should,也可去掉can。
2.(2015·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)We must found ways to protect our environment.
答案與解析:found→find 句意:我們必須要找到保護(hù)環(huán)境的方法。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must后接動(dòng)詞原形。
3.(2016·湖南衡陽(yáng)八中二模)It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.
答案與解析:should→can 句意:的確,在當(dāng)代社會(huì),沒有錢就不能生活。根據(jù)句意可知,表示“能,能夠”須用can。
4.(2016·山西四校模擬)But for the rain,we should have a pleasant journey yesterday.
答案與解析:have后加had 句意: 要不是下雨,我們昨天會(huì)有一次愉快的旅行。對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬用should have done結(jié)構(gòu)。
5.(2016·�?诙�)He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday,or I would have known nothing about it.
答案與解析:去掉had or前的句子不是虛擬條件句。