锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷1.伽锟斤拷锟皆★拷牛锟紻锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷貢锟絀(xi锟斤拷n);

锟斤拷锟斤拷伽锟斤拷锟皆ｏ拷锟劫發(f锟斤拷)锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟缴ｏ拷锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟酵硷拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟侥兩傦拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟介經(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟侥斤拷锟斤拷锟届定锟剿伙拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絟(yu锟斤拷n)锟絉锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟絊锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟紺锟斤拷锟剿革拷锟斤拷锟�“锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絝(shu锟斤拷)”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)锟斤拷(chu锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟皆岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟铰岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫囷拷(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷邏輯锟絯系锟侥斤拷锟斤拷锟狡學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷W(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絬(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡學(xu锟斤拷)之锟斤拷”锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷牛锟紻锟斤拷 锟斤拷牛锟紻锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絝(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴猴拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟絋锟皆讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫度讹拷锟缴★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟侥斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷凇锟斤拷锟饺伙拷軐W(xu锟斤拷)锟侥旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絎(xu锟斤拷)原锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟侥筹拷锟斤拷锟�(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟侥筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之一锟斤拷注锟截岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟�(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷之锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1846锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷牛锟紻锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟剿猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2.锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟节斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷然锟狡學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷論锟絣(f锟斤拷)展锟叫的歷史锟斤拷位锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟脚ｏ拷D锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟角斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷W(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥學(xu锟斤拷)锟侥伙拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷也锟角現(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟皆硷拷锟絚之锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)锟侥癸拷锟教硷拷锟絞(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷論锟斤拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷牛锟紻锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟侥勶拷(chu锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷锟斤拷類科學(xu锟斤拷)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)始锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟脚ｏ拷D锟斤拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟酵燂拷W(xu锟斤拷)锟侥戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟矫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷英锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟侥碉拷一锟轿硷拷锟絞(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟脚ｏ拷D锟矫旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓(y锟斤拷n)锟叫碉拷锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷還锟介法锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷思锟斤拷锟轿�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟杰學(xu锟斤拷)锟届定锟剿科學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷論

锟斤拷锟斤拷1.锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷論锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟絕锟絚(di锟斤拷n);

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1859锟斤拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷N锟斤拷源锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)志锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絈锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷J(r锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤都锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟絭锟斤拷锟缴低硷拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷呒锟�(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟缴猴拷(ji锟斤拷n)锟轿碉拷锟斤拷(f锟斤拷)锟絪锟侥發(f锟斤拷)展锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锊伙拷遣锟阶冿拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角曪拷(hu锟斤拷)锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟芥競(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷然锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸憋拷規(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷然锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟侥伙拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)(锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷“锟斤競(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟絤锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷”锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟�1871锟疥，锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷類碉拷锟斤拷源锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)一锟斤拷锟斤拷論锟紺锟斤拷锟斤拷菑墓锟皆筹拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(l锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟絕锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2.锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷論锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷論锟斤拷锟絈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿硷拷锟绞凤拷蟿锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角岋拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷W(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(chu锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絝(shu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷寻l(f锟斤拷)展變锟斤拷思锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)锟斤拷(chu锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷茖W(xu锟斤拷)锟絣(f锟斤拷)展锟斤拷锟铰時(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟桔烇拷锟絉锟斤拷思锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷論锟结供锟斤拷锟斤拷然史锟斤拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷軐锟�(du锟斤拷)處锟节囷拷(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷危锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟节碉拷锟叫囷拷(gu锟斤拷)思锟斤拷锟揭诧拷a(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟睫达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟侥發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷電氣技锟絞(sh锟斤拷)锟侥戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟侥發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫癸拷锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖(k锟斤拷i)始锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟絵锟缴烇拷[锟斤拷锟剿傦拷锟斤拷前锟侥硷拷锟饺嗭拷(w锟斤拷n)锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟节礦锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟教ｏ拷锟斤拷1769锟斤拷锟斤拷英锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷藢锟�(du锟斤拷)锟絶锟斤拷锟絋锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟侥革拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷1785锟斤拷“锟絝(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺(j锟斤拷)”投锟斤拷使锟矫诧拷锟狡廣锟斤拷(史锟劫芬孫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺(j锟斤拷)車锟酵革拷锟斤拷锟紻锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷Q锟剿癸拷锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟絣(f锟斤拷)展锟叫的勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟絵锟斤拷锟介工锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絓(y锟斤拷n)輸锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟侥發(f锟斤拷)展锟狡斤拷说锟铰凤拷锟斤拷O锟斤拷锟斤拷苿锟�(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟侥發(f锟斤拷)展锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟缴达拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟角癸拷锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟筋偉锟斤拷陌l(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2.锟节讹拷锟轿癸拷锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷電氣技锟絞(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟矫ｏ拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1831锟斤拷英锟斤拷(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节發(f锟斤拷)锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷電磁感戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷論锟斤拷锟斤拷l(f锟斤拷)電機(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡奠定锟剿伙拷锟紸(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1866锟斤拷聡锟�(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絋锟接發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟剿發(f锟斤拷)電機(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟剿革拷锟斤拷姆锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷電勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷20锟斤拷锟給(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷蔀楣わ拷I(y锟斤拷)锟絣(f锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷展锟斤拷锟斤拷要?ji锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�?gu锟斤拷)锟剿愶拷(锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷電氾拷l(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷“電氾拷r(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷膹V锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟狡勶拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷I(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷一系锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絛锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷迅锟劫發(f锟斤拷)展锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷掳l(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷涌锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟截底革拷變锟斤拷锟剿傦拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷3.锟狡學(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絞(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟�(hu锟斤拷)锟絣(f锟斤拷)展锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫ｏ拷

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锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷"锟竭匡拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)"微锟脚癸拷锟斤拷號(h锟斤拷o)