锟斤拷锟斤拷2020锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷藛幔匡拷呖锟斤拷W(w锟斤拷ng)小锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭恍╋拷呖锟街�锟絉锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷覅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絙锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷1. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷某锟絅試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟角凤拷锟叫筹拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟絜Na2SO4锟斤拷液锟斤拷NaNO3锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：使锟斤拷BaCl2锟斤拷液锟絙锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絰锟接凤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷Ba2++SO42-=BaSO4↓

锟斤拷锟斤拷2. 锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)某锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷某一試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角凤拷锟叫氾拷锟絯锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫冿拷瓶失锟斤拷锟�(bi锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟侥癸拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Na2CO3锟斤拷NaCl锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：使锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟接凤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷CO32-+2H+=CO2↑+H2O

锟斤拷锟斤拷3. 锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫硷拷锟斤拷某锟絅試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟轿加ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷失锟斤拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷目锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜ZnCl2锟斤拷液锟斤拷MgCl2锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷锟缴種锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟街別锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街г囷拷锟斤拷校锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅aOH锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟届到锟斤拷锟叫帮拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟絤(x锟斤拷)锟轿硷拷NaOH锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟缴匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一支試锟杰冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟侥帮拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷u锟斤拷失锟斤拷锟斤拷一支試锟杰冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟給锟剿現(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫锟饺產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷u锟斤拷失锟斤拷試锟杰冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟脚碉拷锟斤拷ZnCl2锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷一支試锟杰冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷MgCl2锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絰锟接凤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷Mg2++2OH-=Mg(OH)2↓

锟斤拷锟斤拷Zn2++2OH-=Zn(OH)2↓

锟斤拷锟斤拷Zn(OH)2+2OH-=ZnO22-+2H2O

锟斤拷锟斤拷4. 锟洁互锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿何伙拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)試锟斤拷锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟杰加熱，锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟絜NaOH锟斤拷液锟斤拷AlCl3锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)NaOH锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷AlCl3锟斤拷液锟叫猴拷AlCl3锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷NaOH锟斤拷液锟叫現(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷同锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角ｏ拷取一試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴種锟斤拷液锟叫碉拷锟轿猴拷一锟絅锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟杰冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟絕锟轿癸拷锟斤拷取锟斤拷一锟絅锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷椎锟斤拷锟皆囷拷锟斤拷校锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟届到锟叫帮拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絬锟斤拷锟皆诧拷锟斤拷失锟斤拷锟絫锟絝锟斤拷試锟杰冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟脚碉拷锟斤拷AlCl3锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟絲锟絕锟轿管冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟脚碉拷锟斤拷NaOH锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷锟饺產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絬锟接筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷失锟斤拷試锟杰冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷NaOH锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟絲锟絕锟轿管冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷AlCl3锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絰锟接凤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷Al3++3OH-=Al(OH)3↓

锟斤拷锟斤拷Al(OH)3+OH-=AlO2-+2H2O

锟斤拷锟斤拷5. 锟杰解法

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰斤拷锟斤拷r锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟絜CaCO3锟斤拷CaCl2锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷6. 锟杰斤拷岱�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟脚燂拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿�锟絙锟絜NH4NO3锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷KCl锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷锟缴種锟斤拷锟絯锟街別锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟酵碉拷锟斤拷NH4NO3锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟紷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷KCl锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷7. 锟杰度凤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟杰度诧拷同锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟酵憋拷锟角兩種锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰碉拷液锟絯锟斤拷锟杰讹拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟节憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟酵加熱。

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：取一試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷煞N液锟絯锟斤拷锟剿時锟街烇拷锟斤拷锟斤拷蓪锟�锟斤拷锟铰岋拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟较岋拷锟角憋拷锟斤拷锟劫硷拷锟斤拷锟轿猴拷一锟絅液锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较岋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷潜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷聦锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷8. 锟斤拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟絲锟絯锟叫讹拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟絲锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷散系锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜Fe(OH)3锟絲锟絯锟斤拷FeCl3锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷9. 锟斤拷锟桔凤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷電斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷使锟絲锟絯锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷螀^(q锟斤拷)锟絜Fe(OH)3锟絲锟絯锟斤拷FeCl3锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟缴種液锟絯锟斤拷盛锟节讹拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷椎锟絅a2SO4锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟叫紅锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絫試锟杰冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟脚碉拷锟斤拷Fe(OH)3锟絲锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟給锟紷锟絅锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽eCl3锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷10. 锟缴�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟缴�锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴诧拷同锟缴�锟斤拷锟絖(d锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷目锟侥★拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷1锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接區(q锟斤拷)锟絜H2锟斤拷Cl2锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟斤拷锟叫冿拷瓶锟給色锟斤拷液锟斤拷NaCl锟斤拷NaBr锟斤拷請锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷AgNO3锟斤拷液锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絰锟接凤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷Ag++Cl-=AgCl(锟斤拷色)↓

锟斤拷锟斤拷Ag++Br-=AgBr(锟絓锟絊色)↓

锟斤拷锟斤拷11. 锟接熱法

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟结穩(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟皆诧拷同锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿何伙拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟絜失锟斤拷锟�(bi锟斤拷o)锟斤拷锟侥讹拷锟絅锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絏锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅锟斤拷锟絯锟街別锟斤拷锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟接燂拷锟斤拷試锟杰匡拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷F(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓锟斤拷锟給锟剿現(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷X锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟侥伙拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷KAl(SO4)2+3H2O=Al(OH)3+H2SO4+KHSO4

锟斤拷锟斤拷12. 锟斤拷色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟絰锟接伙拷锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷b锟絜NaCl锟斤拷液锟斤拷KCl锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟絊色锟侥烇拷NaCl锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷色锟侥烇拷KCl锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷13. 燃锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)燃锟斤拷锟缴�锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷螀^(q锟斤拷)锟街兩種锟給色锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷H2锟斤拷C2H2锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷锟缴種锟斤拷锟絯锟街別锟絚燃锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟解煙锟斤拷锟斤拷C2H2锟斤拷锟給锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷H2锟斤拷锟斤拷也锟缴革拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)H2锟斤拷C2H2燃锟斤拷锟絩锟斤拷色锟斤拷同锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷14. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟桔★拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟絜锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟酵讹拷锟斤拷碳锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷锟缴種液锟絯取锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一液锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷CS2锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絔锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷H2O锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷15. 聞锟斤拷味锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷味锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜H2S锟斤拷H2锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷16. 指示锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷A锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷指示锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟筋簡锟轿的凤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絅锟斤拷液锟斤拷NaCl锟斤拷液锟斤拷NH4Cl锟斤拷液锟斤拷Na2CO3锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷17. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟統锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟劫革拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜KCl锟斤拷KBr锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷通锟斤拷Cl2锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絰锟接凤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷Cl2+2Br-=Br2+2Cl-

锟斤拷锟斤拷18. 還原锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷還原锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷還原锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟劫革拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜FeCl2锟斤拷CuCl2锟斤拷液锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解：锟斤拷盛锟斤拷FeCl2锟斤拷CuCl2锟斤拷液锟侥冿拷支試锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕锟斤拷試锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟叫分別锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽片锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷19. 锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟侥达拷锟皆ｏ拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絙锟絜锟斤拷色锟紽锟桔猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷末锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷20. 碳锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫濓拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫撍�锟皆猴拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(q锟斤拷)锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接區(q锟斤拷)锟絜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较★拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟铰高匡拷锟結訊锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟斤拷锟竭★拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟紸(y锟斤拷)锟統锟斤拷志愿锟斤拷锟斤拷取锟斤拷?j锟斤拷n)?sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭匡拷锟絩锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷)锟絚

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷"锟竭匡拷锟絎(w锟斤拷ng)"微锟脚癸拷锟斤拷號