锟斤拷锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷A(ch锟斤拷)锟斤拷論”知锟絉(sh锟斤拷)模锟終

锟斤拷锟斤拷1.锟絚水锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锒硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷"只锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�"锟斤拷锟杰讹拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷2. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絀锟斤拷越锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接伙拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)越锟斤拷(w锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖

锟斤拷锟斤拷3.锟斤拷锟劫伙拷锟�(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节氾拷前锟斤拷慕锟斤拷俣锟斤拷軓锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭猴拷锟斤拷脫Q锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷Sn锟斤拷Pb锟饺凤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷缀锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng);锟斤拷锟节忥拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫匡拷锟杰得诧拷锟斤拷H2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷4.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟结反锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟紸锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟角冿拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆氾拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷SiO2锟斤拷同锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絚HF/NaOH锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷5.原锟接猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜-≤2锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟角斤拷锟斤拷原锟斤拷;目前锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟接猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟缴烇拷1/2/3/4/5/6/7

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷原锟接猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜-≤2锟侥匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷He锟斤拷H锟饺非斤拷锟斤拷元锟斤拷原锟斤拷;目前锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟接猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟缴烇拷1/2/3/4/5/6锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�7e-锟斤拷117锟矫斤拷锟斤拷元锟斤拷目前锟絔(m锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟結(ji锟斤拷)論

锟斤拷锟斤拷6.锟角斤拷锟斤拷元锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟接碉拷還原锟皆則锟絕锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖

锟斤拷锟斤拷7. 锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟接匡拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷涌锟斤拷锟�(sh锟斤拷)也锟斤拷同锟侥兩種锟斤拷锟接匡拷锟斤拷锟角ｏ拷(1)原锟接猴拷原锟斤拷;(2)原锟接和凤拷锟斤拷;(3)锟斤拷锟接和凤拷锟斤拷;(4)原锟接猴拷锟絰锟斤拷;(5)锟斤拷锟接猴拷锟絰锟斤拷;(6)锟斤拷x锟接猴拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟斤拷;(7)锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟接猴拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟紷锟阶組锟斤拷锟斤拷:(4)原锟接猴拷锟絰锟斤拷;(5)锟斤拷锟接猴拷锟絰锟斤拷;(6)锟斤拷x锟接猴拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟斤拷;(7)锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟接猴拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷8.锟絵锟酵堿锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟铰堿;锟斤拷蛪A锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)一锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷水

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷10HNO3+3Fe(OH)2=3Fe(NO3)3+NO↑+8H2O

锟斤拷锟斤拷9.pH=2锟斤拷pH=4锟侥兩種锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较猴拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷pH值一锟斤拷锟斤拷2锟絚4之锟絞

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷2H2S+H2SO3=3S↓+3H2O

锟斤拷锟斤拷10.锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)電斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絰锟接凤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷要锟斤拷(xi锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絰锟接碉拷锟斤拷式

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟統锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟侥忥拷(qi锟斤拷ng)電斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷H2SO4要锟斤拷(xi锟斤拷)锟缴凤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷11.锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟絰锟斤拷只锟斤拷H+锟侥伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟斤拷色石锟斤拷變锟絫

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷水

锟斤拷锟斤拷12. 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟介：HCOOH=H+ + COOH-

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷渭锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟接戯拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷HCOO-

锟斤拷锟斤拷13.锟絰锟接撅拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟接伙拷锟斤拷锟斤，锟斤拷锟接撅拷锟絯锟斤拷锟角癸拷锟絩(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接撅拷锟絯锟絊锟斤拷锟角嗭拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷14.一锟斤拷锟絝(shu锟斤拷)锟斤拷(l锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫氾拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷z锟絯微锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷電猴拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖

锟斤拷锟斤拷15.元锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷每一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷元锟截種锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟組锟斤拷2n2(n锟斤拷锟斤拷然锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷))

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷注锟斤拷n锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷16.锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)電斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷飽猴拷锟斤拷液锟絚锟斤拷電斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟侥濓拷锟斤拷液锟侥岋拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷远锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)電斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟杰斤拷锟叫★拷牡锟斤柡锟斤拷锟揭�锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷電斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟侥濓拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷(d锟斤拷o)锟斤拷远锟斤拷^锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷BaSO4锟斤拷飽猴拷锟斤拷液

锟斤拷锟斤拷17.锟斤拷(bi锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷r锟铰ｏ拷22.4L锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较碉拷CO锟絚CO2锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷碳原锟接匡拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絪锟斤拷NA

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖

锟斤拷锟斤拷18.同锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟侥兩種锟斤拷锟絯锟絯锟絜之锟饺碉拷锟节兩種锟斤拷锟絯锟杰度的凤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖

锟斤拷锟斤拷19.锟絳锟阶诧拷锟斤拷锟叫筹拷锟斤拷(x锟斤拷)锟斤拷末锟斤拷锟接碉拷直锟斤拷锟絚锟絲锟絯微锟斤拷锟斤拷直锟斤拷锟斤拷同一锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷10-100nm

锟斤拷锟斤拷20.1molOH-锟斤拷電斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷電時(sh锟斤拷)锟铰凤拷锟酵�锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷NA锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷哟_锟斤拷4OH- - 4e- = 2H2O + O2↑

锟斤拷锟斤拷21.同锟絯锟絜同锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷鹊锟絅a2SO3锟斤拷Na2S锟斤拷NaHSO3锟斤拷H2SO3锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟絰锟接旓拷(sh锟斤拷)目锟斤拷锟轿減小

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絟锟斤拷電猴拷锟截猴拷嵌葋锟�(l锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷22.碳-12锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)原锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷12锟斤拷碳-12锟斤拷摩锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷12g?mol-1

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖

锟斤拷锟斤拷23.電斤拷锟斤拷锟接�锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷電伙拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通電條锟斤拷锟铰诧拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟介化锟絎(xu锟斤拷)變锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟�锟斤拷電伙拷锟絎(xu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟街诧拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟接撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶冿拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷24.锟斤拷脂锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟斤拷烯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絓锟斤拷Al2S3锟斤拷Mg3N2锟斤拷CaC2锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟絣锟斤拷锟铰斤拷锟杰發(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷水锟解反锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷烯锟斤拷水锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷25.锟饺伙拷鉀撅拷锟絯锟叫达拷锟斤拷K+锟絚Cl-;锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟叫达拷锟斤拷Na+锟絚O-锟斤拷1:1;石英锟斤拷只锟斤拷锟斤拷Si锟斤拷O原锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷Na+锟絚O2 2-锟斤拷2:1锟斤拷锟絔(m锟斤拷i)锟斤拷O- 锟斤拷石英锟叫达拷锟斤拷锟絪锟絴(zh锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷26.锟斤拷NA锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)NO2锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟节橈拷(bi锟斤拷o)锟斤拷(zh锟斤拷n)锟斤拷r锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絜锟絪锟斤拷22.4L

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷NO2锟斤拷(hu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絧锟桔烇拷N2O4

锟斤拷锟斤拷27.锟斤拷锟截筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷32g锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫猴拷锟斤拷NA锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�;60gSiO2锟叫猴拷锟斤拷NA锟斤拷锟接★拷3NA锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)原锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷SiO2锟叫沒(m锟斤拷i)锟叫凤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷28.锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)锟缴凤拷锟接撅拷锟絯锟斤拷微锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫癸拷锟絩(ji锟斤拷)锟絀

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷稀锟叫氾拷锟絯锟节固態(t锟斤拷i)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟皆嗭拷原锟接凤拷锟接撅拷锟絯锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷29.锟絲锟絯锟杰產(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟接撅拷F(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷電猴拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟絲锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷電猴拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷30.锟斤拷液锟斤拷pH值越小锟斤拷锟絫锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥氾拷锟絰锟接旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷越锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟絔(m锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟絝(shu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絯锟絜

锟斤拷锟斤拷31.只锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絰锟接伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫才达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷x锟斤拷锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷32.原锟接撅拷锟絯锟桔伙拷锟斤拷要锟狡壞極锟斤拷锟絀锟斤拷菢O锟皆癸拷锟絩(ji锟斤拷)锟絀

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖

锟斤拷锟斤拷33.NH3锟斤拷Cl2锟斤拷SO2锟饺皆烇拷锟诫娊锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷Cl2锟饺诧拷锟斤拷電斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)也锟斤拷锟角凤拷電斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷34.锟斤拷锟接撅拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟饺斤拷锟劫撅拷锟絯锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Hg锟斤拷锟截烇拷液锟紹(t锟斤拷i)

锟斤拷锟斤拷35.同一锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟截的嗭拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟桔凤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟较碉拷锟铰诧拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷浠�锟斤拷锟斤拷鄯锟斤拷c(di锟斤拷n)一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

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锟斤拷锟斤拷36.電斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟統锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷液锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆必讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紺u锟斤拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟絆電斤拷锟斤拷锟皆就曪拷(hu锟斤拷)锟絧锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷37.锟饺伙拷锟絚锟斤拷锟絯锟叫ｏ拷每锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絚锟絰锟斤拷锟杰囷拷锟斤拷锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺碉拷锟絚锟絰锟斤拷锟斤拷6锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷12锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)

锟斤拷锟斤拷38.锟斤拷1L 1mol?L-1 FeCl3锟斤拷液锟斤拷全水锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絲锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷NA锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟絲锟絯微锟斤拷

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锟斤拷锟斤拷39.锟斤拷HF锟斤拷PCl3锟斤拷P4锟斤拷CO2锟斤拷SF6锟饺凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷原锟接讹拷锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�8e-锟結(ji锟斤拷)锟斤拷(g锟斤拷u)

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锟斤拷锟斤拷40.锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絕锟劫的斤拷锟斤拷元锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟接旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷慕锟斤拷锟皆�锟截活潑锟皆忥拷(qi锟斤拷ng)

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絜(cu锟斤拷)锟絗锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷Ag锟斤拷Ca